在學習英語詞匯中，有時同義詞的辨析是很不容易的，我們一般從三方面進行區分，即：語法、語義和文體。語法主要是詞性、搭配、句式等的區分;語義主要是詞義的本義、引申義、比喻義和內涵和外延等的區分;文體主要是正式和非正式、褒義和貶義等的區分。

　　12.

　　picture: The most general one.

　　painting: pictures with color.

　　drawing: A picture made with a pen, pencil and crayon. Sketch, diagrams

　　and graphs are all drawings.

　　sketch: A rough not detailed drawing.

　　diagram: A drawing, figure that shows the arrangement of something.

　　graph: A diagram in which a straight line, curved, or zigzag line shows

　　how two sets of numbers or measurements are related.

　　illustration: A picture to go with words of a book.

　　draft: The first rough written form of anything.

　　plan: A line drawing of a building as it might been seen from above.

　　elevation: A flat upright side of a building.

　　chart: A map esp. a detailed map of a sea area.