2024年職稱英語理工類語法詞匯復(fù)習(xí)筆記
五個(gè)基本句型 根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的特性,構(gòu)成英語中五個(gè)基本句型: 1) 主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語 2) 主語 + 不及物動(dòng)詞 主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語
2) 主語 + 不及物動(dòng)詞
3) 主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語
4) 主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 雙賓語
5) 主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語
我們在學(xué)習(xí)5個(gè)基本句型時(shí),主要關(guān)心每個(gè)句型中的出題點(diǎn)在哪里。
第一句型:主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語
1) 系動(dòng)詞一般為be 動(dòng)詞。
注意:look, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, become, come, go, turn, grow, keep, seem, stand等詞可以作半系動(dòng)詞用,按行為動(dòng)詞方式變化,起系動(dòng)詞的作用。
試驗(yàn)比較:
He felt the pockets thoroughly but did not find a single penny.
You look pale. Do you feel unwell?
一般來說,動(dòng)詞后面跟的是個(gè)形容詞或名詞,該動(dòng)詞為系動(dòng)詞, 如:The plan sounds perfect. / The flower smells nice. / The dish tastes delicious. / It is getting dark.
實(shí)例:
Dont worry. Let me take your pulse first. Oh, it ______ normal.
A. is felt
B. is feeling
C. feels
D. felt
解題思路:normal為形容詞,前面應(yīng)為系動(dòng)詞;系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài),故A不對; look, feel, sound, taste, smell, seem等半系動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí),B也不對;D時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)了,故正確答案為C.
2)there be是英語中非常重要的一個(gè)句型: there是引導(dǎo)詞,不解釋 那里 這是個(gè)倒裝句, 主語在be動(dòng)詞的后面, be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由后面的主語決定。
注意中國學(xué)生容易搞錯(cuò)的問題:
There isnt enough furniture in the room.
錯(cuò):There hasnt enough furniture in the room.
There is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.
錯(cuò):It is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.
There is ample evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.
錯(cuò):It is evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.
五個(gè)基本句型 根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的特性,構(gòu)成英語中五個(gè)基本句型: 1) 主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語 2) 主語 + 不及物動(dòng)詞 主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語
2) 主語 + 不及物動(dòng)詞
3) 主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語
4) 主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 雙賓語
5) 主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語
我們在學(xué)習(xí)5個(gè)基本句型時(shí),主要關(guān)心每個(gè)句型中的出題點(diǎn)在哪里。
第一句型:主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語
1) 系動(dòng)詞一般為be 動(dòng)詞。
注意:look, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, become, come, go, turn, grow, keep, seem, stand等詞可以作半系動(dòng)詞用,按行為動(dòng)詞方式變化,起系動(dòng)詞的作用。
試驗(yàn)比較:
He felt the pockets thoroughly but did not find a single penny.
You look pale. Do you feel unwell?
一般來說,動(dòng)詞后面跟的是個(gè)形容詞或名詞,該動(dòng)詞為系動(dòng)詞, 如:The plan sounds perfect. / The flower smells nice. / The dish tastes delicious. / It is getting dark.
實(shí)例:
Dont worry. Let me take your pulse first. Oh, it ______ normal.
A. is felt
B. is feeling
C. feels
D. felt
解題思路:normal為形容詞,前面應(yīng)為系動(dòng)詞;系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài),故A不對; look, feel, sound, taste, smell, seem等半系動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí),B也不對;D時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)了,故正確答案為C.
2)there be是英語中非常重要的一個(gè)句型: there是引導(dǎo)詞,不解釋 那里 這是個(gè)倒裝句, 主語在be動(dòng)詞的后面, be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由后面的主語決定。
注意中國學(xué)生容易搞錯(cuò)的問題:
There isnt enough furniture in the room.
錯(cuò):There hasnt enough furniture in the room.
There is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.
錯(cuò):It is no doubt that smallpox has been wiped out in China.
There is ample evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.
錯(cuò):It is evidence that AIDS is spreading quickly in Asia.