2024年高考英語(yǔ)沖刺搶分訓(xùn)練集2
2024高考英語(yǔ)沖刺搶分訓(xùn)練集2
Ⅰ.詞匯短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)
1.native adj. 本地的,出生地的;天賦的 n. 本地人;出生于某國(guó)的人
be native to... 原產(chǎn)于某地
one’s native country/land 本國(guó),祖國(guó)
native place 出生地
one’s native language 本國(guó)語(yǔ),本族語(yǔ),母語(yǔ)
a native of 當(dāng)?shù)厝?產(chǎn)于……的動(dòng)/植物
[即學(xué)即練1]
(1)China is our ____________, and Chinese is our ____________.中國(guó)是我們的祖國(guó),漢語(yǔ)是我們的母語(yǔ)。
(2)The tiger __________________ India.這種虎產(chǎn)于印度。
(3)He is __________________ Beijing.他是北京人。
答案:native country;native language;is native to;a native of
2.base vt.以……為根據(jù) n.基部;基地;基礎(chǔ)
base sth. on/upon sth.以……為基礎(chǔ)(或根據(jù))
base sb./sth./oneself in以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)(或總部等),把(總部等)設(shè)在
the base of a column/glass/pyramid柱基/玻璃杯底/金字塔底座
a military/naval base軍事/海軍基地
[即學(xué)即練2]
(1)What are you ______ this theory ______?你這種理論的根據(jù)是什么?
(2)They decided to ______ the new company ______ New York.他們決定將新成立的公司總部設(shè)在紐約。
(3)The town is an ideal ______ for touring the area.這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子是在這一地區(qū)旅游觀光的理想地點(diǎn)。
答案:basing on; base in; base
3.command n.[C]命令;指令[U]掌握 vt. & vi.命令;指揮;支配
at one’s command隨心所欲地
at/by one’s command奉某人之命
in command of指揮;統(tǒng)帥
under one’s command由……指揮
take command of擔(dān)任……的指揮
have a good command of很好地掌握
command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
command that...(should) do...命令……
[即學(xué)即練3]
(1)The army is __________________ ____________.軍隊(duì)由國(guó)王直接統(tǒng)率。
(2)She ______________________________ the German language.她精通德語(yǔ)。
(3)He commanded us ____________ immediately.=He commanded that we ____________ immediately.
他命令我們馬上離開(kāi)。
答案:under the king’s;command;has a good command of;to leave;should leave
4.request n. & vt. 請(qǐng)求,要求
request sth. of/from sb.向某人請(qǐng)求某物
request sb. to do sth.請(qǐng)求某人做某事
request that sb. (should) do sth.請(qǐng)求……
It’s requested that...據(jù)要求……
at one’s request
at the request of sb.應(yīng)某人之請(qǐng)求
be in request有需要,受歡迎
make a request for sth.請(qǐng)求,要求……
[即學(xué)即練4]
(1) These materials are ____________ ________.急需這些材料。
(2)She ________________________ some water.她請(qǐng)求給點(diǎn)水。
(3)May I ______ your attention?請(qǐng)你們注意一下好嗎?
(4)I request (of him) that he ____________.我要求他離開(kāi)。
(5)Visitors are requested __________________ the paintings.游客不許動(dòng)油畫(huà)。
答案:in great;request;Made a request for;request;should leave;not to touch
5.recognize vt. 辨認(rèn)出;承認(rèn)
recognition n.認(rèn)出,識(shí)別
recognizable adj.可認(rèn)出的
recognized adj.公認(rèn)的
recognize sb. /sth. by /from...根據(jù)……認(rèn)出某人/事(物)
recognize sb./sth. as/to be...承認(rèn)某人(物)是……
It’s recognized that...人們公認(rèn)……
out of/beyond recognition認(rèn)不出來(lái)
[即學(xué)即練5]
(1)I ____________ Mary ______ her voice on the phone.我在電話(huà)中根據(jù)聲音辨認(rèn)出是瑪麗。
(2)Lawrence’s novel ______ eventually _____________ ______/______ ______ a work of genius.勞倫斯的小說(shuō)最后被認(rèn)為是天才的作品。
(3)________________________ environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems.人們一致認(rèn)為環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成了最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題之一。
答案:recognized by; was recognized as/to be ;It is recognized that
6.because of因?yàn)椋捎?/p>
because of是介詞短語(yǔ),后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。
because是連詞,后跟從句。
[即學(xué)即練6]
(1)He was absent not ____________ his illness, but _____________ his father died.他缺席不是因?yàn)樗。且驗(yàn)樗赣H去世了。
(2)It was __________________ that he had gone abroad.就是為了她,他才出國(guó)的。
答案:because of
because;because of her
(3)He realized that she was crying because of________________________.他意識(shí)到她哭是因?yàn)樗f(shuō)的那些話(huà)的緣故。
(4)Because of ________________________, I said nothing about her mistake.因?yàn)樗煞蛟趫?chǎng),對(duì)她的錯(cuò)誤我就沒(méi)說(shuō)什么。
答案:what he had said;her husband’s being there
7.come up走近;(植物)長(zhǎng)出地面;(太陽(yáng))升起;出現(xiàn);被提及
(1)=come forward走近;趕上;上來(lái)
(2)=rise; come to a higher place (esp. the sun, the moon)(太陽(yáng)、月亮)升起
(3)=be brought up for discussion; be mentioned被提出討論,被談到;引起注意
(4)=occur/happen(尤指意想不到地)發(fā)生
(5)=present oneself出席,參加,到場(chǎng)
(6)=appear above the soil; begin to grow露出地面,發(fā)芽
[即學(xué)即練7]
寫(xiě)出下列各句中come up的意思。
(1)I’ll let you know if anything comes up.____________
(2)A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.________________
(3)Your question came up at the meeting.________________
(4)The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.___________
(5)The young trees have come up._________
(6)I came up for an interview but didn’t get the job.________
答案:發(fā)生;走近/走上來(lái);被提出討論;升起;發(fā)芽;到場(chǎng)
拓展:come up with想出;提出
come about發(fā)生
come across偶遇;偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)(=come upon)
come along一道來(lái);一起去;進(jìn)步;趕快
come back回來(lái);記起
come on(風(fēng)、雨等)到來(lái);演出;趕快;得了吧
come out出版;出來(lái),出現(xiàn);結(jié)果是
come to蘇醒;總計(jì);達(dá)到;談到
8.make use of利用;使用
make full use of充分利用
make the best use of盡量利用
make good use of好好利用,合理利用
make little use of沒(méi)有很好地利用
[即學(xué)即練8]
(1) We should ____________________ every minute to learn well.我們應(yīng)該充分利用每一分鐘好好學(xué)習(xí)。
(2)Our factory ______________________________ robots.我們工廠(chǎng)正越來(lái)越多地使用機(jī)器人。
答案:make good use of;is making increasing use of
拓展:be of great use很有用
go out of use不被使用,廢棄
come into use開(kāi)始被使用
be in use在使用中
bring/put...to use加以使用
【注意】在學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的過(guò)程中應(yīng)注意語(yǔ)言的活用以及詞的搭配。
How much do you know about the use that we have made_of the money?(句子中use做先行詞,關(guān)系代詞that代替use,在定語(yǔ)從句中做make的賓語(yǔ)。)
我們對(duì)錢(qián)的使用情況你了解多少?
9.play a role/part in在……中擔(dān)任角色;在……中起作用
play an important role/part in在……方面起重要作用
play the role of sb.=play/act the part of sb.(在劇中)扮演某人的角色
play the leading role起主要(帶頭)作用
[即學(xué)即練9]
(1)Science and technology ____________ __________________ developing agriculture.科技在發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)中起重要作用。
(2)He will ________________________ the doctor in my latest drama.他將在我最新的戲里出演醫(yī)生的角色。
答案:plays an;important role/part in;play/act the role/part of
【提示】play a role/part in是“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)重要考點(diǎn):
(1)用名詞做主語(yǔ),用于被動(dòng)句;
(2)用名詞做先行詞,用于定語(yǔ)從句。類(lèi)似短語(yǔ)有:make use of, pay attention to等
易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥
自我完善?誤區(qū)備考
1. recognize/realize/know
(1)recognize 指原來(lái)很熟悉,經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間的間隔或別的原因后又重新認(rèn)出來(lái)。
(2)realize 強(qiáng)調(diào)在經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)過(guò)程后的了解。
(3)know 是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,指互相間十分熟悉、十分了解。
[應(yīng)用1]
(1)Only after you lose your health will you ____________ the importance of health.
(2)I've ________________ Tom for years.
(3)I __________ him as soon as he came into the room.
答案:realize;known;recognized
2. such as/for example/that is/and so on
(1)such as 用于列舉事物時(shí)常放在所列舉事物與前面的名詞之間,且其后不用逗號(hào),直接跟所列舉的事物,可與 like互換。它所列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等同于前面所提的事物的總和,否則就用 that is或 namely。
(2)for example 主要用于舉例說(shuō)明,其前后多用符號(hào)隔開(kāi)。其位置比較靈活,可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列舉的事物之前)。
(3)that is 相當(dāng)于 namely,它所列舉的事物的總量等于前面所提到的事物的總和。
(4)and so on 對(duì)幾個(gè)事物進(jìn)行列舉時(shí),在說(shuō)了其中的幾個(gè)以后,用...and so on進(jìn)行概括,說(shuō)明還有例子,但不一一列出了。
[應(yīng)用2]
(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, ____________, Chinese, maths, English and P.E.
(2)Overcooking, ____________, destroys many nutrients.
(3)He can speak some other languages, ____________ French and German.
(4)There are some books, pens, erasers ____________ in my bag.
答案:that is;for example;such as;and so on
3. with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
[應(yīng)用3]
(1)—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.
A.filled B.filling
C.to fill D.being filled
解析:with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中,work和fill是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且表示正在進(jìn)行,因此其后要用doing結(jié)構(gòu)。
答案:B
(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______, he gladly accepted it.
A.finished B.finishing C.having finished D.was finished
解析:根據(jù)work和finish是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,可以判斷出答案。
答案:A
(3)______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.
A.With B.Besides C.As for D.Because of
解析:根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)采用“with+賓語(yǔ)+不定式”。
答案:A
(4)It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room ______ his nose red.
A.to B.on C.in D.with
解析:這個(gè)句子考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法,用“with+名詞+形容詞”做狀語(yǔ)表示伴隨情況。而to、on、in作為介詞則沒(méi)有這種用法,故排除A、B、C,答案為D。句意是:外面天氣很冷,那個(gè)男孩跑進(jìn)了屋子時(shí),鼻子紅紅的。
答案:D
自我測(cè)評(píng)?技能備考
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)
1.A lot of students p_______________ at the meeting took part in the discussion.
2.The tall tree was struck by l___________ and broke.
3.The robber was caught when he was filling his car with p__________ at the filling station.
4.Go up in an e_______________ to the fifth floor.
5.He looked calm, but a__________ he was very nervous.
答案:present;lightning;petrol;elevator;actually
6.In the word “happy” the _________(重音) is on the first syllable.
7.He has a poor _________________(詞匯), so he can't express himself correctly.
8.The gentlemen disclosed their own __________(身份).
9.Anyone who wants to learn English well must remember the ___________(慣用法) of English.
10.Though he is not a ___________(本國(guó)的) English speaker, he can speak English very fluently.
accent
答案:vocabulary;identities;usage;native
Ⅱ .單項(xiàng)選擇
1.(2009?安徽卷)-Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?
-______, I do. I think it’s a great idea.
A.Really B.Obviously C.Actually D.Generally
答案:C
解析:考查副詞。really真正地;obviously明顯地;actually實(shí)際上; generally大體上。actually在句中起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用,相當(dāng)于sure,certainly, of course。
2.His uncle made a film ______ his story in his childhood.
A.based on B.was based on C.basing on D.to base on
答案:A
解析:based on為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ),在句中做后置定語(yǔ)修飾a film。
3.(2010?山東濰坊質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè))It could be judged from her eyes ______ she was very satisfied with her performance.
A.what B.which C.that D.where
答案:C
解析:考查名詞性從句。語(yǔ)意為:她對(duì)她的表現(xiàn)很滿(mǎn)意,這可以從她的眼睛里判斷出來(lái)。It是形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主句。
4.The money collected should be made good use ______ the people in Sichuan Province who suffered a lot in the earthquake.
A.of helping B.to help C.to helping D.of to help
答案:D
解析:make (good) use of“(好好)利用”,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)態(tài)即be made use of;句中to help the people...為不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)。
5.During the flight to the Moon, Chang’e I Satellite ______ adjusts her direction so that she can go into her programmed orbit and then circle around it at the most appropriate angle(角度).
A.eventually B.gradually C.constantly D.continuously
答案:B
解析:考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為:在飛往月球的途中,嫦娥一號(hào)衛(wèi)星逐漸調(diào)整她的方向以便能進(jìn)入預(yù)定的軌道并以合適的角度繞其運(yùn)行。A.最終;B.逐漸地;C.不斷地;D.繼續(xù)地。
6.I’m Chinese and I do feel ______ Chinese language is ______ most beautiful language. What’s your opinion?
A.the; a B./; the C.the; / D./; a
答案:A