2024屆高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)：Unit 3　Travel journal Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Thanks to the modern ________ (運(yùn)輸) system, a large number of passengers could return home for the seven-day National Day holiday. 2．Many people prefer ____ (騎自行車) to driving to the work site. 3．The tight ________ (日程表) often keeps him busy all the time. 4．He is as ________ (固執(zhí)的) as a donkey. 5．What's your ________ (態(tài)度) towards this problem? 6．Do you know how much the ________ (車費(fèi)) is? 7．________ (畢業(yè)生) from our school are working all over the country. 8．Experts have ________ (預(yù)測(cè)) a steady rise in the number of tourists. 9．His mother works in Pacific ________ (保險(xiǎn)) Agency. 10．The manager thought he was a ________ (可靠的) person and told him all about the new plan. 答案：1.transport　2.cycling　3.schedule　4.stubborn　5.attitude　6.fare　7.Graduates　8.forecast　9.Insurance　10.reliable .完成句子 1．As far as I am concerned, the plan ____________________. (carry) 依我看，這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃難以實(shí)施。 2．At the moment, he preferred ____________________. (think) 此刻，他寧愿不考慮未來(lái)。 3．He doesn't seem ____________ the situation he is in.(care) 他似乎不在乎自己目前的處境。 4．____________________， I took the plane instead of driving my car.(wait) 由于迫不及待地要見到父親，我改乘飛機(jī)而沒(méi)有開車。 5．____________ is his personality, so you need not worry about him.(give) 從不屈服是他的個(gè)性，因此你沒(méi)必要為他擔(dān)心。 6．He insisted that he __________________________ and that he ______________.(do；set) 他堅(jiān)持以為他沒(méi)有做錯(cuò)任何事并且堅(jiān)持要求釋放他。 7．____________________ ever since we met at school.(be) 自從在學(xué)校相遇后，我們一直是好朋友。 8．His father is a very stubborn person. Once he decides to do something, ____________ is impossible.(mind) 他的父親是一個(gè)很固執(zhí)的人。一旦他決定做什么事，改變他的主意是不可能的。 答案：1.is difficult to carry out　2.not to think about the future 3．to care about　4.Hardly/Not waiting to see my father 5．Never giving in　6.hadn't done anything wrong；(should) be set free　7.We've been good friends　8.changing his mind .作文練筆 先將下面幾個(gè)句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)，然后連成一段小短文。 1．Susan一直夢(mèng)想著到麗江旅游。 2．她很愿意和好朋友瑪麗一起去。 3．盡管瑪麗很固執(zhí)，Susan還是決定去說(shuō)服她。 4．最終瑪麗做出讓步，并同意和她一起去旅游。她們欣賞了那里美麗的風(fēng)景。 5．正是這次旅游改變了她的看法——瑪麗十分容易相處。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： Susan had been dreaming about travelling to Lijiang and she preferred her friend, Mary, to go with her. Although Mary was stubborn, she determined to persuade her to travel together. Finally, Mary gave in and agreed to travel with her. They enjoyed the wonderful view there. It was the travel that changed Susan's mind that Mary was easy to get along with. 方法與思考 語(yǔ)法填空答題策略 1．純空格題：通常考冠詞、介詞、代詞和連詞等四類詞。 2．用括號(hào)中所給詞填空：通常考謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等。 解題高招 1. 通讀全文，把握大意。 解題前，應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文，把握全文大意，這一步非常重要。 2. 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，試填空格。 ◆分析思考空格所缺單詞的詞性(根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性) 確定具體要填的單詞和所給詞的正確形式( 根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系) 3. 重讀全文，解決難題。 在解題過(guò)程中要先易后難，難題在大部分空格填好后，再經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)推敲，難題也就不會(huì)再難了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章從頭至尾復(fù)讀一遍。 具體來(lái)說(shuō)，可按設(shè)題類型分為三類情況： 純空格題 首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子的意思，確定具體填什么詞；根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個(gè)連詞。 1．缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，一定是填代詞或名詞(多考代詞)。 典例 I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ________ gets there almost in a second.

　　解析：and連接前后兩個(gè)句子，and后面的句子缺主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填名詞或代詞；結(jié)合前一分句，不難推知，“馬上可到達(dá)那里”的是the message，替代the message用代詞it。 2．名詞前是空格，若該名詞前沒(méi)有限定詞，很可能是填冠詞或some, any, other(s), another等限定詞。 典例 It is said that a short－tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960－1279) was very anxious to help ________ rice crop grow up quickly.

　　解析：名詞rice crop前還沒(méi)有限定詞，應(yīng)當(dāng)填限定詞；根據(jù)句意，這個(gè)急性子人當(dāng)然是急于使“他的”禾苗長(zhǎng)得快，故填形容詞性物主代詞his。 3．名詞或代詞前面是空格，而該名詞或代詞在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，很可能是填介詞。 典例 ...who should have the honour of receiving me ________ a guest in their house.

　　解析：因a guest在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，前面一定是填介詞，使其成為該介詞的賓語(yǔ)；又由句意可知，他們“把我當(dāng)作客人”來(lái)接待，表示“當(dāng)作”，用介詞as。 4. 若兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有連詞，可能是填連詞。 典例 ...all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me ________ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.

　　解析：因melted me和gave me兩個(gè)動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有連詞，一定是填連詞；兩者是并列關(guān)系，故填and。 5．若兩句(一個(gè)主謂關(guān)系算一個(gè)句子)之間沒(méi)有連詞，也沒(méi)有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填連接詞。 典例 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days ________ I was to return to Guangzhou. 解析：因I wanted to…是一個(gè)句子，I was to return…也是一個(gè)句子，這兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有連詞，也沒(méi)有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填連詞；根據(jù)句意和兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，可知“參觀這個(gè)城市的盡可能多的地方”應(yīng)是在“返回廣州”之前，故填before。 6．若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是原形，特別是與上下文時(shí)態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時(shí)，很可能是填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的助動(dòng)詞(do, does, did等)。 典例 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ________ bring home a regular salary. 解析：這是一個(gè)由but連接的并列句，由前一分句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞had是一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知，后一分句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞bring也應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；可是，bring卻用的是原形，既與語(yǔ)境的時(shí)態(tài)不符，也與主語(yǔ)he不一致，該句不是倒裝句，因此，此處必定是填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的助動(dòng)詞did；由句意和作者的語(yǔ)氣推測(cè)，應(yīng)當(dāng)填對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的助動(dòng)詞did(的確)。 7．由特殊的句式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。 (1)由it is…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)形式，判斷填it還是that。 典例 …and ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn't eat MSG (味精)!

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，應(yīng)填it。 (2)由倒裝句式判斷，是填構(gòu)成倒裝的條件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，還是填do, does, did等。 典例 ________ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. 解析：由can you expect to…可知，這是倒裝句，根據(jù)構(gòu)成倒裝的條件可知，應(yīng)填副詞only，因?yàn)椤皁nly ＋狀語(yǔ)(with hard work)”放在句首，句子要用倒裝。 (3)由it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)的句式判斷，空格處是否填it。如： 典例

　　Dating sites also make ________ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，to avoid…是真正的賓語(yǔ)，easy是賓補(bǔ)，空格處應(yīng)填作形式賓語(yǔ)的it。 (4)so /such…that…句型。如： 典例 This made the goat so jealous ________ it began plotting against (謀劃對(duì)付) the donkey. 解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是so…that…句型，應(yīng)填that。 (5)more…than… (與其說(shuō)……不如說(shuō)……，比……更……)句型。 典例 Cynthia's story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares ________ how much he pays.

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是more…than…句型，故填that。句意是與經(jīng)理所給的報(bào)酬相比，雇員更銘記于心的是他的關(guān)心。 給出了動(dòng)詞的試題 首先，判斷要填的動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。然后按以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行思考。 1. 若句中沒(méi)有別的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；若是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 典例 In Logan, three people ________ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.

　　解析：因主語(yǔ)three people與take是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即三個(gè)人被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由were treated可知，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填were taken。 2．若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要確定用－ing形式、－ed形式，還是用不定式形式。 (1)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，通常用－ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，用不定式表示具體的情況。 典例 ________ (speak) out your inner feeling won't make you feel ashamed, on the contrary… 解析：句中已有謂語(yǔ)won't make，所以speak應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；謂語(yǔ)前面應(yīng)為主語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)，表示一般情況，要用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，故填Speaking。 (2)作目的狀語(yǔ)或者在形容詞后作狀語(yǔ)，一般用不定式。如： 典例1 ________ (complete) the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day.

　　解析：因句中已有謂語(yǔ)will have to work，所以complete應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；因“(為了)按計(jì)劃完成這項(xiàng)工程”是“我們每天不得不額外多工作兩小時(shí)”的目的，作目的狀語(yǔ)，用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填To complete。 典例2

　　Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong－willed, are very likely ________ (succeed).

　　解析：因在形容詞likely后作狀語(yǔ)，要用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填to succeed。 (3)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，常用分詞，與邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞。 典例1 He saw the stone, ________ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” 解析：句中已有謂語(yǔ)saw，所給動(dòng)詞與saw不是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)當(dāng)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因He與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 典例2 The headmaster went into the lab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests. 解析：句中已有謂語(yǔ)went，而follow又不是與之并列的，故為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因the headmaster與follow是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 (4)不論非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中作何種成分，若判斷需要用分詞，與邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系用－ing形式，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系用－ed形式。 典例1 There will be a meeting, ________ (start) later this year to review the film.

　　解析：因a meeting與start是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明a meeting，故填starting。 典例2 Lessons ________ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. (廣東考試說(shuō)明) 解析：因句中已有謂語(yǔ)can help，所以learn應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因lesson與learn是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，故填learned。 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題 根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式。 1．作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，通常用形容詞形式。如： 典例 In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to… 解析：在冠詞與名詞之間，要用形容詞，作定語(yǔ)，故填dangerous。 2．作主語(yǔ)，或在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在“冠詞(＋形容詞)”后，用名詞形式。 典例1 When China's ancient scientific and technological ________ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions. 解析：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，要求填的詞作主語(yǔ)，China's ancient scientific and technological是主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)；作主語(yǔ)要用名詞，又由are可知，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，故填achievements。 典例2 With the large numbers of students, the ________ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. 解析：在冠詞后，要用名詞，故填operation。 3．修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)句子，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞形式。如： 典例 There must be something ________ (serious) wrong with our society. 解析：要求填的詞修飾形容詞wrong，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞，故填seriously。 4. 有可能是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞類不一定要變，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un－， im－等，在詞根后加－less等。如： 典例 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ (use)． 解析：作表語(yǔ)要用形容詞；又由句意可知，作者是表達(dá)“沒(méi)有什么知識(shí)是無(wú)用的”，故填useless。 5．括號(hào)中所給詞為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，也不一定是考動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)或非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而是考詞類轉(zhuǎn)換；若是形容詞或副詞，有可能是考查其比較等級(jí)。 典例1 But Jane knew from past experience that her ________ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 解析：括號(hào)中所給詞choose雖然是動(dòng)詞，但在句中作主語(yǔ)，且在形容詞性物主代詞后，應(yīng)當(dāng)填choose的名詞形式choice。 典例2 The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could…He jumped even ________ (hard) and finally made himself out.

　　解析：聯(lián)系前句，又有even(更加)的提示，可知這里用比較級(jí)，故填harder。

　　2024屆高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)：Unit 3　Travel journal Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Thanks to the modern ________ (運(yùn)輸) system, a large number of passengers could return home for the seven-day National Day holiday. 2．Many people prefer ____ (騎自行車) to driving to the work site. 3．The tight ________ (日程表) often keeps him busy all the time. 4．He is as ________ (固執(zhí)的) as a donkey. 5．What's your ________ (態(tài)度) towards this problem? 6．Do you know how much the ________ (車費(fèi)) is? 7．________ (畢業(yè)生) from our school are working all over the country. 8．Experts have ________ (預(yù)測(cè)) a steady rise in the number of tourists. 9．His mother works in Pacific ________ (保險(xiǎn)) Agency. 10．The manager thought he was a ________ (可靠的) person and told him all about the new plan. 答案：1.transport　2.cycling　3.schedule　4.stubborn　5.attitude　6.fare　7.Graduates　8.forecast　9.Insurance　10.reliable .完成句子 1．As far as I am concerned, the plan ____________________. (carry) 依我看，這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃難以實(shí)施。 2．At the moment, he preferred ____________________. (think) 此刻，他寧愿不考慮未來(lái)。 3．He doesn't seem ____________ the situation he is in.(care) 他似乎不在乎自己目前的處境。 4．____________________， I took the plane instead of driving my car.(wait) 由于迫不及待地要見到父親，我改乘飛機(jī)而沒(méi)有開車。 5．____________ is his personality, so you need not worry about him.(give) 從不屈服是他的個(gè)性，因此你沒(méi)必要為他擔(dān)心。 6．He insisted that he __________________________ and that he ______________.(do；set) 他堅(jiān)持以為他沒(méi)有做錯(cuò)任何事并且堅(jiān)持要求釋放他。 7．____________________ ever since we met at school.(be) 自從在學(xué)校相遇后，我們一直是好朋友。 8．His father is a very stubborn person. Once he decides to do something, ____________ is impossible.(mind) 他的父親是一個(gè)很固執(zhí)的人。一旦他決定做什么事，改變他的主意是不可能的。 答案：1.is difficult to carry out　2.not to think about the future 3．to care about　4.Hardly/Not waiting to see my father 5．Never giving in　6.hadn't done anything wrong；(should) be set free　7.We've been good friends　8.changing his mind .作文練筆 先將下面幾個(gè)句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)，然后連成一段小短文。 1．Susan一直夢(mèng)想著到麗江旅游。 2．她很愿意和好朋友瑪麗一起去。 3．盡管瑪麗很固執(zhí)，Susan還是決定去說(shuō)服她。 4．最終瑪麗做出讓步，并同意和她一起去旅游。她們欣賞了那里美麗的風(fēng)景。 5．正是這次旅游改變了她的看法——瑪麗十分容易相處。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： Susan had been dreaming about travelling to Lijiang and she preferred her friend, Mary, to go with her. Although Mary was stubborn, she determined to persuade her to travel together. Finally, Mary gave in and agreed to travel with her. They enjoyed the wonderful view there. It was the travel that changed Susan's mind that Mary was easy to get along with. 方法與思考 語(yǔ)法填空答題策略 1．純空格題：通常考冠詞、介詞、代詞和連詞等四類詞。 2．用括號(hào)中所給詞填空：通常考謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等。 解題高招 1. 通讀全文，把握大意。 解題前，應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文，把握全文大意，這一步非常重要。 2. 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，試填空格。 ◆分析思考空格所缺單詞的詞性(根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性) 確定具體要填的單詞和所給詞的正確形式( 根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系) 3. 重讀全文，解決難題。 在解題過(guò)程中要先易后難，難題在大部分空格填好后，再經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)推敲，難題也就不會(huì)再難了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章從頭至尾復(fù)讀一遍。 具體來(lái)說(shuō)，可按設(shè)題類型分為三類情況： 純空格題 首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子的意思，確定具體填什么詞；根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個(gè)連詞。 1．缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，一定是填代詞或名詞(多考代詞)。 典例 I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ________ gets there almost in a second.

　　解析：and連接前后兩個(gè)句子，and后面的句子缺主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填名詞或代詞；結(jié)合前一分句，不難推知，“馬上可到達(dá)那里”的是the message，替代the message用代詞it。 2．名詞前是空格，若該名詞前沒(méi)有限定詞，很可能是填冠詞或some, any, other(s), another等限定詞。 典例 It is said that a short－tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960－1279) was very anxious to help ________ rice crop grow up quickly.

　　解析：名詞rice crop前還沒(méi)有限定詞，應(yīng)當(dāng)填限定詞；根據(jù)句意，這個(gè)急性子人當(dāng)然是急于使“他的”禾苗長(zhǎng)得快，故填形容詞性物主代詞his。 3．名詞或代詞前面是空格，而該名詞或代詞在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，很可能是填介詞。 典例 ...who should have the honour of receiving me ________ a guest in their house.

　　解析：因a guest在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，前面一定是填介詞，使其成為該介詞的賓語(yǔ)；又由句意可知，他們“把我當(dāng)作客人”來(lái)接待，表示“當(dāng)作”，用介詞as。 4. 若兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有連詞，可能是填連詞。 典例 ...all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me ________ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.

　　解析：因melted me和gave me兩個(gè)動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有連詞，一定是填連詞；兩者是并列關(guān)系，故填and。 5．若兩句(一個(gè)主謂關(guān)系算一個(gè)句子)之間沒(méi)有連詞，也沒(méi)有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填連接詞。 典例 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days ________ I was to return to Guangzhou. 解析：因I wanted to…是一個(gè)句子，I was to return…也是一個(gè)句子，這兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有連詞，也沒(méi)有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填連詞；根據(jù)句意和兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，可知“參觀這個(gè)城市的盡可能多的地方”應(yīng)是在“返回廣州”之前，故填before。 6．若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是原形，特別是與上下文時(shí)態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時(shí)，很可能是填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的助動(dòng)詞(do, does, did等)。 典例 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ________ bring home a regular salary. 解析：這是一個(gè)由but連接的并列句，由前一分句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞had是一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知，后一分句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞bring也應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；可是，bring卻用的是原形，既與語(yǔ)境的時(shí)態(tài)不符，也與主語(yǔ)he不一致，該句不是倒裝句，因此，此處必定是填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的助動(dòng)詞did；由句意和作者的語(yǔ)氣推測(cè)，應(yīng)當(dāng)填對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的助動(dòng)詞did(的確)。 7．由特殊的句式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。 (1)由it is…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)形式，判斷填it還是that。 典例 …and ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn't eat MSG (味精)!

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，應(yīng)填it。 (2)由倒裝句式判斷，是填構(gòu)成倒裝的條件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，還是填do, does, did等。 典例 ________ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. 解析：由can you expect to…可知，這是倒裝句，根據(jù)構(gòu)成倒裝的條件可知，應(yīng)填副詞only，因?yàn)椤皁nly ＋狀語(yǔ)(with hard work)”放在句首，句子要用倒裝。 (3)由it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)的句式判斷，空格處是否填it。如： 典例

　　Dating sites also make ________ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，to avoid…是真正的賓語(yǔ)，easy是賓補(bǔ)，空格處應(yīng)填作形式賓語(yǔ)的it。 (4)so /such…that…句型。如： 典例 This made the goat so jealous ________ it began plotting against (謀劃對(duì)付) the donkey. 解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是so…that…句型，應(yīng)填that。 (5)more…than… (與其說(shuō)……不如說(shuō)……，比……更……)句型。 典例 Cynthia's story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares ________ how much he pays.

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是more…than…句型，故填that。句意是與經(jīng)理所給的報(bào)酬相比，雇員更銘記于心的是他的關(guān)心。 給出了動(dòng)詞的試題 首先，判斷要填的動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。然后按以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行思考。 1. 若句中沒(méi)有別的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；若是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 典例 In Logan, three people ________ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.

　　解析：因主語(yǔ)three people與take是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即三個(gè)人被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；由were treated可知，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填were taken。 2．若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要確定用－ing形式、－ed形式，還是用不定式形式。 (1)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，通常用－ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，用不定式表示具體的情況。 典例 ________ (speak) out your inner feeling won't make you feel ashamed, on the contrary… 解析：句中已有謂語(yǔ)won't make，所以speak應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；謂語(yǔ)前面應(yīng)為主語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)，表示一般情況，要用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，故填Speaking。 (2)作目的狀語(yǔ)或者在形容詞后作狀語(yǔ)，一般用不定式。如： 典例1 ________ (complete) the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day.

　　解析：因句中已有謂語(yǔ)will have to work，所以complete應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；因“(為了)按計(jì)劃完成這項(xiàng)工程”是“我們每天不得不額外多工作兩小時(shí)”的目的，作目的狀語(yǔ)，用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填To complete。 典例2

　　Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong－willed, are very likely ________ (succeed).

　　解析：因在形容詞likely后作狀語(yǔ)，要用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填to succeed。 (3)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，常用分詞，與邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞。 典例1 He saw the stone, ________ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” 解析：句中已有謂語(yǔ)saw，所給動(dòng)詞與saw不是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)當(dāng)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因He與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 典例2 The headmaster went into the lab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests. 解析：句中已有謂語(yǔ)went，而follow又不是與之并列的，故為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因the headmaster與follow是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 (4)不論非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中作何種成分，若判斷需要用分詞，與邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系用－ing形式，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系用－ed形式。 典例1 There will be a meeting, ________ (start) later this year to review the film.

　　解析：因a meeting與start是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明a meeting，故填starting。 典例2 Lessons ________ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. (廣東考試說(shuō)明) 解析：因句中已有謂語(yǔ)can help，所以learn應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因lesson與learn是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，故填learned。 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題 根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式。 1．作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，通常用形容詞形式。如： 典例 In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to… 解析：在冠詞與名詞之間，要用形容詞，作定語(yǔ)，故填dangerous。 2．作主語(yǔ)，或在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在“冠詞(＋形容詞)”后，用名詞形式。 典例1 When China's ancient scientific and technological ________ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions. 解析：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，要求填的詞作主語(yǔ)，China's ancient scientific and technological是主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)；作主語(yǔ)要用名詞，又由are可知，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，故填achievements。 典例2 With the large numbers of students, the ________ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. 解析：在冠詞后，要用名詞，故填operation。 3．修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)句子，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞形式。如： 典例 There must be something ________ (serious) wrong with our society. 解析：要求填的詞修飾形容詞wrong，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞，故填seriously。 4. 有可能是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞類不一定要變，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un－， im－等，在詞根后加－less等。如： 典例 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ (use)． 解析：作表語(yǔ)要用形容詞；又由句意可知，作者是表達(dá)“沒(méi)有什么知識(shí)是無(wú)用的”，故填useless。 5．括號(hào)中所給詞為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，也不一定是考動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)或非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而是考詞類轉(zhuǎn)換；若是形容詞或副詞，有可能是考查其比較等級(jí)。 典例1 But Jane knew from past experience that her ________ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 解析：括號(hào)中所給詞choose雖然是動(dòng)詞，但在句中作主語(yǔ)，且在形容詞性物主代詞后，應(yīng)當(dāng)填choose的名詞形式choice。 典例2 The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could…He jumped even ________ (hard) and finally made himself out.

　　解析：聯(lián)系前句，又有even(更加)的提示，可知這里用比較級(jí)，故填harder。