2024屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案資料（五十二）

　　基礎(chǔ)詞匯強(qiáng)化練習(xí)

　　11. This article can be d______ into four parts. 12. His explanation c______ the mystery. 13. It’s i______ to buy cigarettes in Britain if you’re under 16. 14. If it is c______ to you I’ll be with you next Tuesday. 15. I don't want to i______ you. You must decide for yourself. 16. Please a______ for a taxi to pick me up at six o’clock. 17. I’m sorry, sir, those shoes are not a______ in your size. 18. To their d______, their son was admitted into a famous university. 19. I only wear a tie on special o______. 20. They play for the t______ of it, not merely to win.

　　11—20: divided clarified illegal convenient influence arrange available delight occasions thrill

　　書面表達(dá)經(jīng)典句式強(qiáng)化記憶

　　154. It depends on whether... 這取決于……是否…….

　　It depends on whether you are determined to do it or not. 這取決于你是否決心要做這件事情.

　　155. It doesn't make sense to...…沒有任何意義.

　　It doesn't make sense to argue with him. 和他爭論沒有任何意義.

　　156. It doesn't matter whether /if... 如果……也沒關(guān)系.

　　It doesn't matter if you have made mistakes. Learn from your mistakes and you'll make progress.

　　如果犯錯誤了也沒關(guān)系.從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí),你就會進(jìn)步.

　　書面表達(dá)經(jīng)典朗讀素材

　　The Nightingale-夜鶯Once a Chinese emperor had a nightingale That kept him very happy day and night. The nightingale sang beautiful songs that kept the emperor in good health and spirit. One day someone gave the emperor mechanical bird as a present. The emperor would wind the key and the bird would sing his song. This new toy thrilled the emperor so much that he forgot his nightingale. The nightingale left the palace. One day the mechanical bird broke down. The emperor’s health declined because his life had no songs to Cheer him. Finally the nightingale returned, and The emperor recovered his health and spirit.

　　經(jīng)典諺語積累

　　A candle lights others and consumes itself.

　　蠟燭照亮別人，卻毀滅了自己。近幾年高考“完形填空”命題的一個顯著特點是以考查實詞為主。實詞包括名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞和代詞等，這些詞又統(tǒng)稱為信息詞。選準(zhǔn)這些信息詞，考生要從整體上理解文章的內(nèi)容，在上下文情景中運用所學(xué)詞匯，不能單純從語法結(jié)構(gòu)上確定答案。

　　但“完形填空”不同于“閱讀理解”。“完形填空”仍然是考查語言和詞匯的運用，只不過是考查從語篇層次所設(shè)定的語境中綜合運用語言的能力，在這一點上，又與著重考查語法和詞匯運用的“單項填空”及“語法填空”題型不同。所以，要答好完形填空題，考生必須具備迅速找準(zhǔn)主題，理順文章層次關(guān)系，領(lǐng)會作者的觀點和寫作意圖的歸納判斷能力。

　　完形填空是學(xué)生最犯怵的題型之一，文章的殘缺性和不連貫性使得很多學(xué)生難以正確理解文章內(nèi)容，所以導(dǎo)致了大量失分。【問題描述與分析】

　　“完形填空”旨在測試學(xué)生綜合運用語言的能力，所提供的是一篇具有完整信息的短文。其中段與段、句與句，甚至詞與詞之間都有著不可分割、千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系。有的完形填空題第一空的答案需要讀完全文才能做出正確選擇。有的最后一空的選項又是為了呼應(yīng)全文主題，需要結(jié)合全文主題才能作答。相當(dāng)一部分考生一拿到試題就開始邊讀邊填空，從表面上看似乎是快了，但實際上由于對全文的大意心中無數(shù)，沒有語篇意識，只是斷章取義，拘泥于所填空的句子本身，而不結(jié)合整篇文章所提供的語境，不善于從上下文中尋找線索，往往做了后面忘了前面，很可能是漏洞百出，選錯答案。

　　【例】 I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking，__36__she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me.

　　Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my__37__.She wanted to know how I thought we should__38__things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I knew__39__about stage design! But I slowly began to respond to her__40__. It was cause and effect: She believed I had opinions, so I began to __41__ them. She trusted me to complete things, so I completed them perfectly. She loved how__42__I was, so I began to show up to paint more and

　　more. She believed in me, so I began to believe in myself.

　　Mrs. Neidl’s__43__that year was，“Try it. We can always paint over it __44__！” I began to take __45__. I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing－only things to be__46__upon. I learned to dip my brush into the paint and __47__create something.

　　The shy, quiet freshman achieved success that year. I was__48__in the program as “Student Art Assistant” because of the time and effort I’d put in. It was that year that I__49__I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing stage design.

　　Being on that stage-design team__50__Mrs. Neidl changed me completely. Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought, but I also__51__a strong interest and a world I hadn’t known existed. She taught me not to__52__what people think I should do. She taught me to take chances and not be__53__.Mrs. Neidl was my comforter when I was upset. Her__54__in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined__55__.

　　本文是記敘文，記述了自己通過加入舞臺設(shè)計小組和Mrs. Neidl對自己的影響，作者徹底改變了自己，變得不再像以前那樣膽小，文章的第三段是個轉(zhuǎn)折，考生在做題的時候可能把握不了這個變化，導(dǎo)致后面的連續(xù)失誤。

　　36．A.and

　　B．yet

　　C．so

　　D．for

　　解析：unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking 和encouraging and inspiring之間構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用yet。

　　答案：B

　　37．A.opinion

　　B．impressionC．information

　　D．intention

　　解析：由下一句可知她想詢問我的意見如何去處理事情。

　　答案：A

　　38．A.make

　　B．keep

　　C．handle

　　D．change

　　解析：handle things意為“處理，解決問題”，根據(jù)I knew nothing about stage design可知她想知道我應(yīng)該怎樣處理舞臺設(shè)計的問題。

　　答案：C

　　39．A.anything

　　B．something

　　C．everything

　　D．nothing

　　解析：根據(jù)no idea可知作者對于舞臺設(shè)計一無所知。

　　答案：D

　　40．A.questions

　　B．commentsC．explanations

　　D．remarks

　　解析：由上文ask me for...和She wanted to know...可知對于她的問題“我”漸漸做出了反應(yīng)。

　　答案：A

　　41．A.hold

　　B．follow

　　C．evaluate

　　D．form

　　解析：上文提到作者對舞臺設(shè)計沒有什么想法，但由于Mrs. Neidl認(rèn)為作者有自己的主見看法，所以作者開始形成自己的想法。hold opinions意為“持有……的觀點”；follow opinions意為“遵循觀點”；evaluate opinions意為“對觀點加以評估”。

　　答案：D

　　42．A.happy

　　B．lively

　　C．reliable

　　D．punctual

　　解析：根據(jù)She believed in me可知，reliable與believe in相呼應(yīng)。

　　答案：C

　　43．A.message

　　B．motto

　　C．saying

　　D．suggestion

　　解析：A意為“信息”；B意為“座右銘，箴言”；C意為“諺語”；D意為“建議”。We can always paint over it 這是Mrs. Neidl信奉的座右銘，故選B。

　　答案：B

　　44．A.again

　　B．more

　　C．instead

　　D．later

　　解析：根據(jù)常識可知事情起先都不是一帆風(fēng)順的，最終后來都會成功的。

　　答案：D

　　45．A.steps

　　B．control

　　C．charge

　　D．risks

　　解析：take steps意為“采取措施”；B意為“控制”；C意為“負(fù)責(zé)，掌管”；D take risks意為“冒風(fēng)險”。take risks和下文最后一段take chances相呼應(yīng)。

　　答案：D

　　46．A.improved

　　B．a(chǎn)cted

　　C．looked

　　D．reflected

　　解析：根據(jù)there was no failing可知只是事情需要不斷地得到提高。

　　答案：A

　　47．A.easily

　　B．carefully

　　C．confidently

　　D．proudly

　　解析：根據(jù)下文第一句話可知作者那年成功了，由此說明他很有自信地去創(chuàng)作。

　　答案：C

　　48． A.introduced

　　B．recognizedC．identified

　　D．considered

　　解析：由上一句．..achieved success that year可知因“我”在節(jié)目中投入的時間和精力而最終被大家所認(rèn)可。A意為“介紹”；B意為“認(rèn)可，認(rèn)出；識別”；C意為“認(rèn)出，識別”；D意為“認(rèn)為；考慮”。

　　答案：B

　　49．A.confirmed

　　B．decidedC．realized

　　D．a(chǎn)cknowledged

　　解析：A“確認(rèn)”；B“決定”；C“意識到”；D“承認(rèn)”。作者經(jīng)歷了由過去的害怕失敗到最終成功，所以意識到自己有從事舞臺設(shè)計的潛力。

　　答案：C

　　50．A.with

　　B．below

　　C．of

　　D．by

　　解析：with表示原因“因為，由于”。

　　答案：A

　　51．A.developed

　　B．discoveredC．took

　　D．fostered

　　解析：A、D和interest搭配意為“培養(yǎng)興趣”，不能和a world搭配，故排除；take an interest意為“對……感興趣”，也不可和world搭配；discover指“發(fā)現(xiàn)原先就存在的東西，只是不為人發(fā)現(xiàn)而已”，根據(jù)I hadn’t known可知B正確。

　　答案：B

　　52．A.accept

　　B．care

　　C．judge

　　D．wonder

　　解析：“我”曾經(jīng)如此害怕失敗，關(guān)鍵還是在于太在乎別人的想法，care意為“在乎，關(guān)心，在意”。

　　答案：B

　　53．A.bored

　　B．lazy

　　C．sad

　　D．a(chǎn)fraid

　　解析：由上文I had been so afraid of...可知她教會“我”學(xué)會冒險嘗試，不要害怕。

　　答案：D

　　54．A.trust

　　B．patience

　　C．curiosity

　　D．interest

　　解析：由第二段She believed in me 和She trusted me...可知。

　　答案：A

　　55．A.accessible

　　B．enjoyable

　　C．possible

　　D．favorable

　　解析：由上文可知“我”那年最終成功了，而之所以成功在于她的信任激勵“我”去做一些過去認(rèn)為不可能做到的事情。故possible“可能的”，符合題意。A項“可接近的”；B項“有趣的，愉快的”；D項“有利的，良好的，贊成的”。

　　答案：C

　　【解決方案與復(fù)習(xí)指南】

　　完形填空出題的理論依據(jù)就是利用人們的視覺暫留和思維的連貫性特點，所以考生應(yīng)該力圖將短文中的空缺補(bǔ)充完整。具體做法如下：首先，通讀全文，掌握主旨。正如英國語言學(xué)家泰勒所指出的：“完形填空測試題的空格是與文章的上下文有緊密聯(lián)系的，而不是孤立的、不相關(guān)的。”由此可見，要做好“完形填空”，首先必須通讀全文，抓住短文不設(shè)空的首句和一些關(guān)鍵詞，弄懂全文大意。這樣才能融會貫通，根據(jù)語境的需要選出既合乎語法又合乎語意的最佳答案。通讀時，首先要弄清短文的第一句，這往往是一個故事的背景或是一篇文章的中心。

　　其次，要抓住文章的脈絡(luò)，掌握文章的線索，以便了解作者的思路。文章往往是以一定的時間順序或以地點變遷為線索的。若以時間為序，要注意動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、人稱變化等方面；如果以地點變遷為線索，則應(yīng)注意在不同地點出現(xiàn)的人物和情節(jié)。如：

　　A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and __21__. It can set up a warm conversation between two people far apart(遠(yuǎn)離的)；it can keep a__22__with very little effort.

　　I will give__23__. A few years ago my older brother and I were not getting__24__.We had been close as__25__but had grown apart. Our meetings were not__26__；our conversation was filled with arguments and quarrels; and every effort to clear the air seemed to only__27__our misunderstanding. Then he __28__a small island in the Caribbean and we__29__touch. One day he wrote me a letter. He described his island and its people, told me what he was doing, said how he felt, and encouraged me to__30__. Rereading the letter, I was__31__by its humor(幽默)and clever expressions. These were all qualities for which I had__32__respected my older brother but__33__he no longer had them. I had never known he could write so__34__. And with that one letter we became friends__35__.

　　It might never have occurred to__36__to write me if he had not been in a

　　place where there were no__37__.For him, writing was a necessity. It also turned out to be the best way for us to get back in touch. Because we live in an age of__38__communication(通信), people often__39__that they don’t always have to phone or email. They have a__40__. And that is to write.

　　21．A.received

　　B．rewritten

　　C．returned

　　D．reread

　　解析：根據(jù)后文第二段后半部分提示(Rereading the letter)重讀這封信，可知此空應(yīng)為D項。

　　答案：D

　　22．A.record

　　B．promise

　　C．friendship

　　D．secret

　　解析：通讀全文及第二段最后一句話And with that one letter we became friends...可知，文章講述信件與友誼，故答案為C項。

　　答案：C

　　23．A.an example

　　B．a(chǎn) lessonC．a(chǎn)n experience

　　D．a(chǎn) talk

　　解析：篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。第一段綜述，第二段為實例，此句為兩段過渡句。譯為：我來舉個例子。故答案為A項。

　　答案：A

　　24．A.through

　　B．together

　　C．a(chǎn)long

　　D．a(chǎn)way

　　解析：根據(jù)后兩句內(nèi)容We had been...arguments and quarrels. 可知長大后作者與哥哥“相處不好“，not get along意為相處不好，故答案為C項。

　　答案：C

　　25．A.brothers

　　B．children

　　C．fellows

　　D．classmates

　　解析：根據(jù)前文(We had been close...)及后文(but had grown apart)得知，前后兩句為反義詞再現(xiàn)表達(dá)，后者為長大后關(guān)系疏遠(yuǎn)，前者必為兒時關(guān)系親密，故答案為B項。

　　答案：B

　　26．A.normal

　　B．necessary

　　C．pleasant

　　D．possible

　　解析：根據(jù)后句內(nèi)容(arguments and quarrels)得知，兩者會面不愉快，故答案為C項。

　　答案：C

　　27．A.deepen

　　B．start

　　C．express

　　D．settle

　　解析：根據(jù)后兩句內(nèi)容，哥哥搬走，不再聯(lián)系，可知誤會更深，故答案為A項。

　　答案：A

　　28．A.toured

　　B．stopped

　　C．reached

　　D．moved to

　　解析：根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容哥哥在小島上，可知應(yīng)是搬去那里，故答案為D項。

　　答案：D

　　29．A.lost

　　B．kept in

　　C．needed

　　D．got in

　　解析：前文哥哥搬走，后文有一天寫信得知，有段時間未聯(lián)系，故答案為A項。

　　答案：A