強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練17　語(yǔ)法填空(三)

　　(45分鐘，100分)

　　A

　　A triathlon (三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)) is a sports event which combines three sports, __1__ (typical) running, biking, and swimming. During a triathlon, athletes finish all three sports without stopping __2__ (beat) the clock. People of all ages and sizes can compete in triathlons. But much like other sports events, a lot of professional __3__ (compete) rule the triathlon world. In addition, many triathlons __4__ (hold) to benefit charity, much like marathons.

　　The modern triathlon appeared in California in __5__ 1970s. It usually begins with the swimming, __6__ (follow) by cycling, and finally running. A triathlon tests the endurance (忍耐力) and speed of an athlete, as well as his or her ability to keep energy and focus __7__ the race as a whole. A

　　triathlon competes against a clock, rather than against other athletes. A variation of the triathlon is a relay triathlon, __8__ a different athlete completes each stage.

　　The swimming stage takes place in a lake or the open ocean. As soon as athletes come out from the water, they change into cycling at the __9__ (fast) speed to save time. After cycling, the athletes change shoes to run. The course is considered complete once the athletes __10__ (cross) the finish line.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)是怎樣的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。

　　1．解析：考查副詞。三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)是一種包含三項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的體育比賽，通常是賽跑、騎自行車和游泳。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞typically“通常”。

　　答案：typically

　　2．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。在三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)中，為提前完成任務(wù)，運(yùn)動(dòng)員需要毫不停歇地完成所有的三項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。

　　答案：to beat

　　3．解析：考查名詞。空處位于形容詞professional后、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞rule前，故要用名詞。再根據(jù)句意“但是就像其他體育賽事一樣，很多專業(yè)的參賽者掌控著三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)域”及前面的“a lot of”可知，此處要用表示人的名詞competitor“參賽者”，且要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　答案：competitors

　　4．解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處描述的是現(xiàn)在的一般情況，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；此處，主語(yǔ)many triathlons與hold之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

　　答案：are held

　　5．解析：考查冠詞。現(xiàn)代三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)于20世紀(jì)70年代出現(xiàn)在加利福尼亞。表示“在……世紀(jì)……年代”時(shí)要用定冠詞the，這是固定用法。

　　答案：the

　　6．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。它通常從游泳開(kāi)始，接著是騎自行車，最后是賽跑。swimming與follow“跟隨”之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。

　　答案：followed

　　7．解析：考查介詞。focus on是固定詞組，意為“集中注意力或精力于……”。

　　答案：on

　　8．解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)的一種變化形式是接力三項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)，在這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)中不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)員完成各自的部分。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，先行詞是a relay triathlon，故填where。

　　答案：where

　　9．解析：考查形容詞最高級(jí)。為了節(jié)省時(shí)間，運(yùn)動(dòng)員從水里一出來(lái)就以最快的速度改騎自行車。根據(jù)空前的“the”和空后的“to save time”可看出，此處要填fast的最高級(jí)形式。

　　答案：fastest

　　10．解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，選手要在沖過(guò)終點(diǎn)線之后才能算完成比賽。故此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

　　答案：have crossed

　　B

　　I drove to a local supermarket the other day. My shopping list was long and my wallet was light. Still, I needed to get a week's food for my family. I parked my car, looked down at my list, and hoped I

　　__1__

　　pay for it all.

　　As I walked into the door, I saw a man with kind

　　__2__ (eye) and a gentle smile. He said he was

　　__3__

　　(collect) for a local food bank that helped to feed the hungry in my area. He handed me a second shopping list of things they could use and asked me to help if I could. I smiled back, took the list and walked into the store.

　　I really wanted to help,

　　__4__ wasn't sure if I could this time.

　　I walked through the store, picking up vegetables, soup, spaghetti, bread, milk, cereal, macaroni, bananas, and a dozen other things. I slowly marked each item(項(xiàng)) off my list until I was done. When I looked down at my full cart (購(gòu)物車) I wondered again

　　__5__

　　I even had enough to pay for it all. Then, as I put my own list back into my pocket, I saw the food-bank list under it. I smiled and

　　__6__

　　(decide) to trust my heart.

　　With the food bank in mind, I went over and picked up two of the biggest boxes of rice the store had and put

　　__7__ (they) in my cart. It took another six dollars out of my wallet to pay for them, but my heart felt six times

　　__8__

　　(large) when I did. And when everything was added up, I had just enough to pay for it all.

　　It takes so little to make our world a better place. A few dollars can help to fill a

　　__9__

　　(child) hungry stomach.

　　__10__

　　(kind) can change another's day and life. It is up to us, though. We can save a few dollars on rice, or we can share love that will last forever.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是記敘文。一天，作者開(kāi)車去當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患页匈?gòu)物的過(guò)程中做了一件好事。

　　1．解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我停好車，低頭看了看我的清單，希望自己可以付得起。根據(jù)句意，此處表示“能夠，可以”，且此處講述過(guò)去的事情，故用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的過(guò)去式could。

　　答案：could　

　　2．解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：當(dāng)我進(jìn)門時(shí)，我看到一個(gè)眼神友善又面帶溫和笑容的人。一個(gè)人有兩只眼睛，且空前無(wú)冠詞或所有格，故用eye的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　答案：eyes　

　　3．解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他說(shuō)他在為一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄镔c濟(jì)處募集(食物)。根據(jù)空前的“was”和collect與主語(yǔ)he是主動(dòng)關(guān)系可知，此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填collecting。

　　答案：collecting　

　　4．解析：考查并列連詞。句意：我真的想幫忙，但是不確定這次是否能做到。前后分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but“但是”。

　　答案：but　

　　5．解析：考查名詞性從句。句意：當(dāng)我低頭看著滿滿的購(gòu)物車時(shí)，我又一次不知道我是否有足夠的錢來(lái)支付。wondered后是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)執(zhí)句，從句成分完整，此處表示“是否”，故用if/whether。

　　答案：if/whether　

　　6．解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我笑了笑并決定相信自己的心。and連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)填decided與smiled并列。

　　答案：decided　

　　7．解析：考查代詞。put后的賓語(yǔ)指的是two of the biggest boxes of rice，故用出they的賓格形式them。

　　答案：them　

　　8．解析：考查比較級(jí)。句意：但是我這樣做時(shí)，我感覺(jué)我的心是原來(lái)的六倍大。雖然句中沒(méi)有than，但是根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處有比較的意味，倍數(shù)表達(dá)法中，三倍及以上用“基數(shù)詞＋times＋比較級(jí)(＋than)”表示，故用larger。

　　答案：larger　

　　9．解析：考查名詞所有格。句意：幾美元就能幫助填滿一個(gè)孩子饑餓的胃。空后是名詞stomach，所給提示詞是child，空前是不定冠詞a，故此處應(yīng)該用child的所有格形式。

　　答案：child's　

　　10．解析：考查名詞。句意：善行能夠改變另一個(gè)人的一天和生活。空處作句子的主語(yǔ)，因此要用kind的名詞形式kindness“善行”。

　　答案：Kindness　

　　C

　　As is known to us, the year 2024 has one extra day in it－February, 29th. This is because it's

　　__1__

　　we call “a leap year”. Every four years, the year has 366 days in

　　__2__ instead of 365.

　　It is called a leap year because hundreds of years ago in England, the extra day wasn't

　　__3__

　　(legal) recognized. There is a well-known tradition in the UK

　　__4__

　　(associate) with February 29th, introduced many centuries ago.

　　Women are allowed to break with tradition and propose(求婚) to their boyfriends on this day. This all started back in the

　　__5__ (five) century, when a famous Irish saint made a

　　__6__ (complain)

　　that women had to wait too long for men to propose.

　　According to the legend,

　　Saint Patrick said any female dreaming of a proposal could ask her boyfriend to marry her on this additional day in February. This so-called tradition

　　__7__

　　(write)

　　in law in the thirteenth century.

　　Scotland passed a law allowing women to propose to men in a leap year. It was said that if the men refused, they had to pay a fine!

　　Now in 2024, there are calls

　　__8__

　　February 29th to become a public holiday. Some people believe that it should be an

　　__9__

　　(office) day off, because no one gets

　　__10__ (many) payments for working an extra day in a leap year. For the moment though, the British still have to go to work on this day.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文講述了與閏年二月二十九日相關(guān)的事宜。

　　1．解析：考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：這是因?yàn)榻衲晔俏覀兎Q之的“閏年”。表語(yǔ)從句中call缺少賓語(yǔ)，故用what。

　　答案：what　

　　2．解析：考查代詞。本處代指the year，作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，故用人稱代詞的賓格形式it。

　　答案：it　

　　3．解析：考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞legally。

　　答案：legally　

　　4．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。在英國(guó)有個(gè)有名的傳統(tǒng)和二月二十九日有關(guān)。be associated with...“與……有聯(lián)系，與……有關(guān)”。本處應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。

　　答案：associated　

　　5．解析：考查序數(shù)詞。in the fifth century“在五世紀(jì)”；定冠詞the后加序數(shù)詞。

　　答案：fifth　

　　6．解析：考查名詞。不定冠詞a后加名詞。

　　答案：complaint　

　　7．解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。這項(xiàng)所謂的傳統(tǒng)在13世紀(jì)被寫(xiě)入法律。tradition與write為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且tradition為單數(shù)，此處描述的是過(guò)去的情況，故填was written。

　　答案：was written　

　　8．解析：考查介詞。(大家)呼吁2月29日為公眾假日。call在此為名詞，call for...表示“對(duì)于……的呼吁”。

　　答案：for　

　　9．解析：考查形容詞。“官方的節(jié)假日”，應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞。

　　答案：official　

　　10．解析：考查比較級(jí)。因?yàn)闆](méi)有人會(huì)因?yàn)槎喔蛇@一天獲得更多的報(bào)酬。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。

　　答案：more　

　　D

　　Do you ever stop and think about this big, beautiful world we live in? It's home

　　__1__

　　so many people and animals. We all live in this amazing place, so we all have the

　　__2__ (responsible) to take care of it, too.

　　A long time ago, I started thinking about what I could do to help take care of the planet. I wondered

　　__3__

　　I could use my talents for good. I love creating websites and making art and designing clothes. That's what

　　__4__

　　(inspire) me, at age 8, to start an online company. I donate part of my profits to organizations

　　__5__

　　(try)

　　their best to save

　　our environment. After I launched my business, I started getting

　　__6__ (invite) to give presentations to young people about my company and the environment. I also talk about something else that

　　__7__

　　(be) meaningful.

　　One thing I've learned is that a lot of people feel like

　　__8__ small contribution to any cause is just a drop in the bucket and won't make a difference. But that's not true!

　　__9__

　　(actual) when it comes to saving our environment,

　　every small action counts. The

　　__10__

　　(tiny) thing is better than the greatest intention.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______

　　5．______　6.______　7.______　8.______

　　9．______　10.______

　　【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　保護(hù)環(huán)境，從我做起；拯救地球，從小做起。作者8歲時(shí)創(chuàng)立網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司，把一部分利潤(rùn)捐給熱衷環(huán)保的組織。最小的行動(dòng)勝過(guò)最大的打算。你行動(dòng)起來(lái)了嗎？

　　1．解析：考查介詞。be home to意為“……的棲息地”，為固定搭配。

　　答案：to　

　　2．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。我們都住在這個(gè)令人驚嘆的地方，因此人人也都有責(zé)任照顧它。根據(jù)空前的“have the”可知此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞，responsibility意為“責(zé)任，職責(zé)”。

　　答案：responsibility　

　　3．解析：考查賓語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)的從句作wondered的賓語(yǔ)，且根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示方式，故用how引導(dǎo)該從句，表示“我想知道我如何能把我的才能發(fā)揮好”。

　　答案：how　

　　4．解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。空處的前一句和后一句都用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，但是根據(jù)空后的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“at age 8”可知，此處描述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

　　答案：inspired　

　　5．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。我把收益的一部分捐給盡最大努力挽救我們的環(huán)境的組織。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，organizations與try之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)。

　　答案：trying　

　　6．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。創(chuàng)業(yè)后，我開(kāi)始受邀給年輕人作關(guān)于我的公司和環(huán)境的講座。此處是get done“被……”結(jié)構(gòu)，故填過(guò)去分詞。

　　答案：invited　

　　7．解析：考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，that指代的是something else，表示單數(shù)含義，故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。此外，這里表示客觀的情況，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。綜上可知本空填is。