答案：with　句意：當小組討論接近尾聲時，一定要以重點而結束。 答案：To stay　考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了在晚上保持溫暖，我會往爐子里添柴，并把鬧鐘定到午夜以便我可以起來給爐火添柴。to stay為不定式在句中作目的狀語。 答案：following　考查with的復合結構。句意：這對老夫婦經常在晚飯后帶著他們的寵物狗在公園里散步。在with的復合結構中，賓語their pet dog與賓語補足語之間為主動關系，故用following作賓語補足語。 答案：To find　本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：——我希望能上電腦課。——好主意。要想了解更多，瀏覽這個網站。動詞不定式放于句首，作目的狀語，符合語境。 答案：A; the　考查冠詞。句意：12月6日，一位73歲的婦女死于呼吸衰竭，她被確診攜帶H10N8病毒。第一空填不定冠詞表泛指；第二空填定冠詞表特指。 答案：exposed　考查非謂語動詞。句意：處理該化學物質時一定要小心，因為暴露在陽光下，它會爆炸。when后省略了句子的主語it(this chemical)和動詞be的形式is，所以填exposed。 答案：unless　考查連詞。句意：一些老師抱怨說“許多孩子沒有任何愛好，除非你把打電腦游戲叫做一項愛好”。 答案：made　考查非謂語動詞作后置定語。觀察句子結構，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)句子已經有了謂語has had effect on，故應填入非謂語動詞。make與speech構成被動關系，結合時間狀語so far，故選過去分詞，即表被動又表完成。句意：老實說，迄今為止，這是對我最有影響的演講。 答案：where　考查學生對定語從句關系代詞、關系副詞的掌握情況。句意：用來種莊稼的土地養(yǎng)活的人口數(shù)量比放牧牲口的土地所供養(yǎng)的人口數(shù)量要多五倍。先行詞為land，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，故填關系副詞where。 答案：that　 本題考查定語從句。句意：請把所有申請這個職位的選手的信息發(fā)給我們。先行詞為information在定語從句中充當動詞have的賓語，且前有all修飾，故只能用that。 答案：absorbed　考查非謂語動詞。句意：當他三個小時后回來時，他們仍坐在沙發(fā)上，聚精會神地交談。be absorbed in為固定搭配，意為“專心于”，所以此處應用absorb的過去分詞形式，作伴隨狀語。 答案：to blame　問句句意：誰要為發(fā)生在美國電影院的槍擊案負責？be to blame為固定短語，意為“該受責備”。本身為被動含義，不用于被動語態(tài)。 答案：Reducing　句意：縮小貧富之間的差距是這屆政府面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一。 4．It can be foreseen that an organization will be set up so as to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(調查這起交通事故)． 5．Every time he went there, he hoped to find solutions to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(治愈他的疾病)． 6．________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(只有當他知道結果時) will he believe me. 7．The experts suggested that ________ ________ ________ ________(應該采取措施) to handle the water pollution immediately. 8．Some supporting evidence has been found from two other deaths ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(與這種病相關的)． 9．The drinking water ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(已經改善了很多以致人們不再擔心) the factories in the neighborhood. 10．________ ________ ________ ________(已經宣布了) that two suspects were arrested in the area on the day of the robbery.

　　答案：1.put forward　2.are strict with him in his study　3.It can be said with certainty that 　4.look into the traffic accident　5.curing him of his disease　6.Only when he knows the result　7.measures should be taken　8.linked to/with this kind of disease 9．has been improved so much that people are no longer worried about　10.It has been announced 5．It doesn't make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want.__________________ 6．Only if a teacher gives permission a student allowed to enter the room.__________________ 7．Your article is well written apart a few spelling mistakes.__________________ 8．The plan was put forward at yesterday's meeting, in my opinion, was quite practical.__________________ 9．That day Tom lost control himself and hit Jack, but later Tom made an apology.__________________

　　10．Tom suggested that we would not hold such a meeting, but Jenny insisted that it was of great importance.__________________ 答案：1.去掉was　2.draw后加上a　3.on→to　4.stared→staring　5.去掉a　6.permission后加上is　7.apart后加上from　8.去掉plan后的was　9.control后加上of　10.去掉would或would→should 答案： Simon's English teacher is every strict with him and he often puts forward questions for Simon to answer. Apart from this, he suggests Simon draw conclusions from some texts and in this way, Simon absorbs great knowledge from reading. In addition, Simon has his compositions checked and learns from the good articles. Every time Simon wants to give up, he always encourages him not to, because only in this way can he succeed. With the help of the teacher, Simon has made rapid progress.

　　答案：(1)①have been absorbed　②absorbed many experts' attention (2)①was so absorbed in his work　②So absorbed was Tom in his work　③Absorbed in his work

　　4．blame vt. 指責；責怪；歸咎于　n. 責備；責任；過失 歸納拓展 be to blame應該受到責備(不定式的主動式表被動) the one to blame應該受到責備的那個人 blame ... on ... 把某事歸咎于…… blame sb. for doing sth.因做某事責備某人 take/bear the blame for承擔(對壞事應負的)責任 put/lay the blame on sb.把責任歸咎于某人 ②The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the driver of lorry that should be to blame. →The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the driver of lorry that should ________ ________ ________ ________ it. 警方已經查明這起交通事故的起因，是那位卡車司機應為此事負責。 ③Don't always blame your own failure ________ others. Sometimes you yourself are ________ ________(blame)． 不要總把失敗歸咎于他人，有時該怪你自己。

　　④________(blame) for the breakdown of the computer systems, he was in low spirits. 因電腦系統(tǒng)發(fā)生故障受到責備，他情緒低落。 答案：①blaming　②take the blame for(＝be responsible for)　③on; to blame　④Blamed 5．defeat vt. 打敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫 辨析　defeat/beat/win 詞匯 用法 defeat 側重指在戰(zhàn)場上打敗敵人，其賓語為“人”或“一個團體” beat 可與defeat互換，常用于游戲或比賽中 win 尤指在競爭中獲勝，其賓語多為game, war, battle, prize等詞，不能是人 答案：①defeated　②beat　③win

　　6．cure n. 治愈；療法　vt. 治愈；治療 歸納拓展 cure sb. of sth.治好某人的(疾病/壞習慣等) a cure for sth.治療……的方法 答案：cure for；cured of

　　7．link vt. 連接　n. 聯(lián)系 歸納拓展 link ... to ... 把……與……連起來 類似表達方式：be related to, be connected with, be associated with

　　③The police suspected that ________ ________ ________ ________ ________between the two murders. 警方懷疑這兩起謀殺案可能有聯(lián)系。 答案：①linked the accident to speed driving　②are closely linked together　③there may be a link

　　8．contribute vt. & vi.捐款；貢獻；捐助；導致；投稿 歸納拓展 (1)contribute...to...為……捐獻……；投稿 contribute to有助于；促進；導致；對……做貢獻 (2)contribution n．貢獻，捐獻 make a contribution/contributions to/towards...為……做貢獻

　　③She ________ an article ________ our magazine. 她給我們的雜志投了一篇稿子。 ④Everyone should ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the environment. 每個人都應當為保護環(huán)境做貢獻。 答案：①contributed；to　②contribute to　③contributed; to　④make a contribution to protecting 1.put forward提出；推薦 歸納拓展 put up舉起；張貼 put down 放下；寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓 put on weight增重 put aside 放在一邊；留出 put up with忍受；容忍 put off推遲 put on穿上；上演 put out撲滅

　　答案：①put out　②had put on weight　③put off　④put on ⑤put up　⑥put up with 2．make sense講得通；有意義 歸納拓展 make sense of理解；明白 a sense of humor/duty/beauty/direction幽默感/責任感/美感/方向感 common sense常識 in a/one sense在某種意義上；在一定程度上 There is no sense(point)in doing sth.做某事無意義

　　③Dogs ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake. 狗有很好的嗅覺，經常被用于搜尋地震中的幸存者。 ④As far as I'm concerned, there is no sense ________ ________ upset about it now. 就我而言，現(xiàn)在為這事苦惱是沒有意義的。 答案：①make sense　②makes no sense　③have a very good sense of smell　④in getting

　　3．be strict with對……嚴格的 歸納拓展 be strict with sb.對某人嚴格要求 be strict in sth./in doing sth.對(做)某事嚴格要求 類似表達方式： be angry with sb.生某人的氣 be angry at/about sth.因某事而生氣 be tired of厭惡；厭倦

　　be tired with/from因……而疲倦 be good at擅長 be good for對……有益 be late for遲到 be hard on sb.對某人苛刻 be hard at work勤奮工作 Li Ming is strict with herself and ③________ her work and daily life. She is never ④________ for school, nor is she ⑤________ of her duty as a monitor. She is ⑥________ to every classmate and always ready to help others. She sets us all a good example.

　　答案：①good　②hard　③in　④late　⑤tired　⑥good/kind 1.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次暴發(fā)霍亂時，都有成千上萬的驚恐的老百姓病死。 本句中的every time意為“每次”，作連詞，引導時間狀語從句。 歸納拓展 名詞詞組the first time, last time, each time, the moment, the instant, the minute, the day等均可作連詞使用，引導時間狀語從句。 答案：①the moment　②the first time　③every time

　　2．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人們既不知道它的起因，也不知道它的治療方法。 本句中的neither ... nor ...連接兩個并列成分。 歸納拓展 neither ... nor ...連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)遵循就近原則。類似的還有：not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., not ... but ...等。 答案：①was　②is　③are 基礎知識鞏固 答案：connected　本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：對那些與家人離得比較遠的人來說，個人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面很重要。本句中的關鍵詞是stay(保持)，它是一個連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。connected是形容詞，意為“有聯(lián)系的，有來往的”，符合句意。stay connected是“stay＋形容詞化的過去分詞”構成的系表結構。本題中的staying connected和keeping in touch表達同一個意思。 答案：returned　本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：生產商定期來收回那些因為質量問題而被退回到我們商店的照相機。return此處意為“退回”，cameras與return之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞作后置定語，表示被動和完成的動作。 Unit 1　Great Scientists 必修五 第一部分　基礎知識聚焦 考點探究演練 2 基礎知識鞏固 3 課時規(guī)范訓練 4 基礎知識晨記 1 基礎知識晨記 Ⅰ.單詞速記 A．快速識記 1. ___________ n．特征；特性 2．________ vt.& n．連接；聯(lián)系 3．________ n．柄；把手　vt.處理；操縱 4．________ vt.責備；譴責　n．過失；責備 5．________ vt.打敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫　n．失敗 6．________ vt.分析→________ n．分析 7. ________ v．捐獻；貢獻；捐助→__________ n．貢獻 8．________ v．結束；推斷出→_________ n．結論；結束 characteristic

　　link

　　handle

　　blame

　　defeat

　　analyze

　　analysis

　　contribute

　　contribution

　　conclude

　　conclusion

　　9．___________ adj.熱情的；熱心的→________ n．熱情；熱心 10. ________ vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→________ n．暴露；曝光 11．________ vt.拒絕；不接受；拋棄→________ n．拒絕；抑制；駁回 12．________ vt.照顧；護理；出席；參加→________ n．出席者；參與人員 13．________ n．挑戰(zhàn)　vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)→__________ adj.挑戰(zhàn)的；具有挑戰(zhàn)性的 enthusiastic

　　enthusiasm

　　expose

　　exposure

　　reject

　　rejection

　　attend

　　attendee

　　challenge

　　challenging

　　14．________ vt.吸收；吸引；使專心→________ adj.被吸收的；全神貫注的 15．________ vt.污染；弄臟→________ n．污染→________ adj.受污染的；被玷污的 16．________ vt.認為；懷疑　n．被懷疑者；嫌疑犯→________________________ adj.值得懷疑的；可疑的 17．________ vt.宣布；通告→____________ n．公告；宣告；通告→________ n．播音員；廣播員 18．________ adj.小心的；謹慎的→___________ n．小心；謹慎→________ n．謹慎；注意；警示 absorb

　　absorbed

　　pollute

　　pollution

　　polluted

　　suspect

　　suspectable/suspicious

　　announce

　　announcement

　　announcer

　　cautious

　　cautiousness

　　caution

　　19．________ adj.積極的；肯定的→________ n．積極性→(反義詞)________ adj.消極的；否定的 20．________ n．治愈；痊愈　vt.治愈；治療→________ adj.可治愈的；可醫(yī)治的→(反義詞)________ adj.不能治愈的；無可救藥的 positive

　　positivity

　　negative

　　cure

　　curable

　　incurable

　　B．歸類巧記 1．“照看/照顧某人”的多種表達 ①attend (to/on/upon) sb. ②care for sb. ③take care of sb. ④look after sb. 2．表示“觀點；態(tài)度”的高頻形容詞薈萃 ①positive 積極的 ②subjective

　　主觀的 ③neutral

　　中立的 ④objective

　　客觀的 ⑤negative

　　消極的 ⑥critical

　　批評的 ⑦doubtful

　　懷疑的 ⑧approving

　　滿意的

　　3．-ic后綴形容詞面面觀 ①science→scientific

　　科學的 ②enthusiasm→enthusiastic

　　熱情的 ③energy→energetic

　　精力充沛的 ④drama→dramatic

　　戲劇(性)的 ⑤sympathy→sympathetic

　　同情的 ⑥romance→romantic

　　浪漫的

　　4．名詞用作動詞的高頻詞匯集錦 ①handle n．把手→vt.處理 ②nurse n．護士→vt.護理；照顧 ③face n．臉→vt.面對 ④head n．頭→vi.前往…… ⑤address n．地址；住處→vt.在……寫上地址；對……發(fā)表演說 Ⅱ.高頻短語 1．提出____________________________ 2．得出結論______________________ 3．使顯露；暴露______________________ 4．將……和……聯(lián)系/連接起來______________________ 5．除……之外；此外 __________________________________ 6．對……嚴格______________________ 7．講得通；有意義______________________ 8．有助于；促成；導致______________________ 9．引起；造成；導致______________________ put forward

　　draw a conclusion

　　expose...to

　　link...to...

　　apart from (＝aside from/in addition to)

　　be strict with

　　make sense

　　contribute to

　　lead to

　　10．感染上；傳染上______________________ 11．專心于；全神貫注于______________________ 12．該受責備；應承擔責任______________________ 13．阻止/防止……免受……______________________ 14．做某事很積極______________________ 15．作進一步的調查______________________ 16．熱衷于……；對……充滿熱情___________________ 17．調查______________________ 18．之后不久_______________________________ 19．慢下來；放慢速度______________________ 20．與……有關______________________ get/be infected with

　　be absorbed in

　　be to blame

　　prevent...from...

　　be positive in doing sth.

　　make further investigations

　　be enthusiastic about

　　look into

　　soon afterwards (＝shortly after)

　　slow down

　　be linked to(＝be related to)

　　Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．So many thousands of ________(terrify)people died every time there was ________ outbreak. 每次爆發(fā)霍亂時，就有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。 2．It seemed that the water ________ ________ ________. 看來霍亂的流行要歸罪于飲用水了。 3．Only ________ you put the sun there ________ the movements of other planets in the sky ________ ________. 只有當你把太陽放在中心的位置上，天空中其他行星的位置才說得清。 4．He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets ________(go)round it and only the moon still going round ________ earth. 他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上，而行星則圍繞著太陽轉，只有月球仍然繞著地球轉。 5．Many retired people can still ________ ________ society with ________ rich experience. 許多退休的老人還能用他們豐富的經驗為社會作貢獻。 答案：1.terrified; an　2.was to blame　3.if; did; make sense　4.going; the　5. contribute to; their

　　Ⅳ.語法過關 過去分詞作定語和表語 1．Children above 16 are encouraged to take part in these activities specially ________(design) for them. 答案：designed　考查非謂語動詞。句意為：16歲以上的孩子應參加一些專門為他們設計的活動。activities與design之間為被動關系，因此用designed作后置定語。

　　2．The jobless rate remains ________(stick) at 9.6 percent, and the president says more work is needed. 答案：stuck　考查過去分詞作表語。句意為：失業(yè)率仍然停留在9.6%，總統(tǒng)表示，還需要更多的努力。此處為過去分詞作表語，remain為系動詞。注意stuck已經形容詞化，表示“卡住的，無法移動的，動不了的”。

　　3．Ang Lee's new film Life of Pi is based on a fantasy adventure novel by Yann Martel ________(publish) in 2001. 答案：published　考查非謂語動詞。題干中的a fantasy adventure novel與publish之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，應用過去分詞published作后置定語表示完成和被動之意，相當于定語從句that/which was published。 4．A special dance ________(call) horse dance becomes so hot that many famous people can't help copying that. 答案：called　考查非謂語動詞。句意為：一種被叫做騎馬舞的特殊舞蹈變得如此流行，以至于許多名人都情不自禁地去模仿它。call與A special dance之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，故用call的過去分詞形式，另外“________ horse dance”可以轉化為定語從句“which/that is called horse dance”。 5．The county, ________(locate) in the north of Shanxi, has a history of more than 1,400 years. 答案：located　本題考查過去分詞作定語。此處應用過去分詞短語作定語，修飾The county。 Ⅴ.語篇填空 First he marked on a map the exact places ①________ all the dead people had lived. This gave him ②________ valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the ③________(dead) were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made ④________(far) investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They bad been given free beer and so had not drunk the water ⑤________ the pump. It seemed that the water was ⑥________(blame)．