專(zhuān)題二

　　說(shuō)明文型語(yǔ)法填空

　　專(zhuān)題二　說(shuō)明文型語(yǔ)法填空 　專(zhuān)題導(dǎo)讀 專(zhuān)題二 │專(zhuān)題導(dǎo)讀

　　說(shuō)明文是對(duì)事物的特征、本質(zhì)、性能、狀態(tài)，或事物的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)果、用途、原理等進(jìn)行介紹、解釋、說(shuō)明的一種文體。其語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)有：

　　1．多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)檎f(shuō)明文通常是對(duì)客觀事物或事理的一種介紹與解釋。

　　2．采用客觀描述。說(shuō)明文一般是對(duì)客觀存在的說(shuō)明與介紹，因此，語(yǔ)言的表述也應(yīng)該盡可能地給人以客觀可信的感覺(jué)。

　　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)是答題過(guò)程中很關(guān)鍵的一步。做題時(shí)，首先確定句子的主謂賓成分，看看該句子缺不缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，然后再考慮非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或者其他成分。此時(shí)，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，確定需要填入詞語(yǔ)的詞性、形式和功能等。 　典例導(dǎo)練 專(zhuān)題二 │典例導(dǎo)練 The air we breathe is freely available, without which we could not survive more than a few minutes.For the most part, air is available to everyone, and everyone __1__ (need) it.Some people use the air to sustain them while __2__(seat) around and feel sorry for themselves.__3__ breathe in the air and use the energy it provides to make__4__ magnificent life.Opportunity is__5__ the same way; it is everywhere.It is__6__freely available that we take it for granted.Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success, it must__7__ (seize) and acted upon in order to have value.So many people are so anxious to “get in” on a 專(zhuān)題二 │典例導(dǎo)練 “ground floor opportunity”， as if the opportunity will do all the work that’s __8__(possible)．Just as you need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed.It takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity, __9__.You must make use of it.That's not up to the opportunity, that’s up to you.It doesn’t matter what “floor” the opportunity is on, but __10__ matters is what you do with it. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專(zhuān)題二 │典例導(dǎo)練

　　【解析】1．needs　考查主謂一致，由全文時(shí)態(tài)可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， everyone后用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。

　　2．seated　過(guò)去分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)， 相當(dāng)于“while they are seated”。

　　3．Others　句型：some...others...

　　4．a(chǎn)　表示“一種奇妙的生活”，是泛指，故用不定冠詞a。

　　5．in　in the way是固定搭配。

　　專(zhuān)題二 │典例導(dǎo)練

　　6．so　句型：so...that...

　　7．be seized　依據(jù)上下文的理解， 可知句意表示“有機(jī)遇必須抓住， 你才能成功”。

　　8．impossible　依據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法， 此處應(yīng)為“不可能的”， 故用“impossible”。

　　9．however/though　插入語(yǔ)， 意為“然而”。

　　10．what　引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且在句中作主語(yǔ)，故用what。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) (一) Two seeds lay side by side in the fertile spring soil. The first seed said, “I want to grow! I want to send my roots deep into the soil __1__ me, and thrust my sprouts (芽) __2__ the earth’s crust above me.I want to open my tender buds(蓓蕾) like banners to announce the __3__ (arrive) of spring.I want to feel the warmth of the sun on my face and the blessing of the morning dew(露水) on my petals(花瓣)！” And so she grew.The second seed said, “I am afraid.If I send my roots into the ground below, I don’t know what I __4__(come) across in the dark.If I push my way through 　新題預(yù)測(cè) 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) the hard soil above me, I may damage my delicate sprouts. What if I let my buds open and a snail (蝸牛) tries __5__(eat) them? And __6__ I were to open my blossoms, __7__ small child may pull me from the ground.No, it is much __8__ (good) for me to wait __9__it is safe.”And so she waited. A yard hen scratching around in the early spring ground for food found the waiting seed and immediately ate __10__. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) 【解析】?jī)深w種子的故事，告訴我們懼怕冒險(xiǎn)和成長(zhǎng)，最終要被生活吞沒(méi)。

　　1．beneath　介詞，意為“在……之下”與下文的above相對(duì)。

　　2．through　介詞，意為“穿過(guò)”。

　　3．a(chǎn)rrival　在冠詞后用名詞。

　　4．will come　對(duì)未來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)，句意為：我不知道在黑暗之中將會(huì)遇到什么。

　　5．to eat　因try表示“試圖做某事”，后接不定式。

　　6．if　if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句。

　　7．a(chǎn)　表示泛指的“某一個(gè)”小孩，故用不定冠詞a。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè)

　　8．better　隱性比較級(jí)，即“等”比“長(zhǎng)”好得多。句中much也提示我們要用比較級(jí)，因?yàn)閙uch常用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)，表示“……得多”。

　　9．until　意為“直到”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　10．it　it指代前文中的the waiting seed。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) (二) What would you do if you failed? Many people may choose to give up.__1__ , the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick __2__ your goal.On your way to success, you __3__ keep your direction.It is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and __4__ (help) you overcome obstacles on your way.__5__ , you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead. Direction means objectives.You can get nowhere __6__ an objective in life. 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve __7__.Only in this way __8__ you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time __9__(proper)．And you should also have a belief __10__ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) 【解析】本文告訴我們，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是堅(jiān)持你的方向和目標(biāo)。

　　1．However　與前句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空格前后都有標(biāo)點(diǎn)， 用副詞however。

　　2．to　stick to意為“堅(jiān)持”。

　　3．must　由語(yǔ)境不難揣摸出作者的語(yǔ)氣，句意為：在通往成功的路上，你必須堅(jiān)持你的方向。

　　4．helping　與guiding并列，一起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明a lamp，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。

　　5．Otherwise　由本句與前句的邏輯關(guān)系可知，要填表示“否則”的otherwise。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè)

　　6．without　句意：人生如果沒(méi)有目標(biāo)，你將一事無(wú)成。

　　7．it　it指代your objective。

　　8．will/can　句意：只有這樣，你才會(huì)知道……

　　9．properly　修飾動(dòng)詞spend作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。

　　10．that　引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺句子成分，且意義完整，故填that。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) (三) It happened that a dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying __1__ home in his mouth.Now, __2__ his way home he had to cross a plank lying __3__a running brook.__4__ he crossed, he looked __5__ and saw his own shadow __6__ (reflect) in the water beneath. Thinking it was __7__ dog with another piece of meat, he made up his mind to have that also.So he made a snap at __8__ shadow in the water, __9__ as he opened his mouth the piece of meat fell out, __10__(drop) into the water and was never seen more. Beware lest you lose the substance by grasping at the shadow. 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) 【解析】這則狗和影子的故事，告誡我們：切莫因追逐幻影而丟失已有的東西。

　　1．it　指代a piece of meat，故用it。

　　2．on　表示“在某人回家的路上”用on one’s way home。

　　3．a(chǎn)cross　表示“橫過(guò)”河流或道路等細(xì)長(zhǎng)的東西或操場(chǎng)等一個(gè)平面的東西，用介詞across。

　　4．As/When　表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。

　　5．down　因“向下看”才能看到水中的影子，故用down。

　　6．reflected　因shadow與reflect是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè)

　　7．a(chǎn)nother　指它以為是“另一條狗”。

　　8．the　特指水中的“那個(gè)”影子，故用定冠詞the。

　　9．but　前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

　　10．dropped　與opened, was seen是并列關(guān)系，三個(gè)先后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作應(yīng)當(dāng)用同一時(shí)態(tài)，故drop也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填dropped。

　　專(zhuān)題二

　　說(shuō)明文型語(yǔ)法填空

　　專(zhuān)題二　說(shuō)明文型語(yǔ)法填空 　專(zhuān)題導(dǎo)讀 專(zhuān)題二 │專(zhuān)題導(dǎo)讀

　　說(shuō)明文是對(duì)事物的特征、本質(zhì)、性能、狀態(tài)，或事物的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)果、用途、原理等進(jìn)行介紹、解釋、說(shuō)明的一種文體。其語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)有：

　　1．多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)檎f(shuō)明文通常是對(duì)客觀事物或事理的一種介紹與解釋。

　　2．采用客觀描述。說(shuō)明文一般是對(duì)客觀存在的說(shuō)明與介紹，因此，語(yǔ)言的表述也應(yīng)該盡可能地給人以客觀可信的感覺(jué)。

　　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)是答題過(guò)程中很關(guān)鍵的一步。做題時(shí)，首先確定句子的主謂賓成分，看看該句子缺不缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，然后再考慮非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或者其他成分。此時(shí)，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，確定需要填入詞語(yǔ)的詞性、形式和功能等。 　典例導(dǎo)練 專(zhuān)題二 │典例導(dǎo)練 The air we breathe is freely available, without which we could not survive more than a few minutes.For the most part, air is available to everyone, and everyone __1__ (need) it.Some people use the air to sustain them while __2__(seat) around and feel sorry for themselves.__3__ breathe in the air and use the energy it provides to make__4__ magnificent life.Opportunity is__5__ the same way; it is everywhere.It is__6__freely available that we take it for granted.Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success, it must__7__ (seize) and acted upon in order to have value.So many people are so anxious to “get in” on a 專(zhuān)題二 │典例導(dǎo)練 “ground floor opportunity”， as if the opportunity will do all the work that’s __8__(possible)．Just as you need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed.It takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity, __9__.You must make use of it.That's not up to the opportunity, that’s up to you.It doesn’t matter what “floor” the opportunity is on, but __10__ matters is what you do with it. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專(zhuān)題二 │典例導(dǎo)練

　　【解析】1．needs　考查主謂一致，由全文時(shí)態(tài)可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， everyone后用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。

　　2．seated　過(guò)去分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)， 相當(dāng)于“while they are seated”。

　　3．Others　句型：some...others...

　　4．a(chǎn)　表示“一種奇妙的生活”，是泛指，故用不定冠詞a。

　　5．in　in the way是固定搭配。

　　專(zhuān)題二 │典例導(dǎo)練

　　6．so　句型：so...that...

　　7．be seized　依據(jù)上下文的理解， 可知句意表示“有機(jī)遇必須抓住， 你才能成功”。

　　8．impossible　依據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法， 此處應(yīng)為“不可能的”， 故用“impossible”。

　　9．however/though　插入語(yǔ)， 意為“然而”。

　　10．what　引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且在句中作主語(yǔ)，故用what。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) (一) Two seeds lay side by side in the fertile spring soil. The first seed said, “I want to grow! I want to send my roots deep into the soil __1__ me, and thrust my sprouts (芽) __2__ the earth’s crust above me.I want to open my tender buds(蓓蕾) like banners to announce the __3__ (arrive) of spring.I want to feel the warmth of the sun on my face and the blessing of the morning dew(露水) on my petals(花瓣)！” And so she grew.The second seed said, “I am afraid.If I send my roots into the ground below, I don’t know what I __4__(come) across in the dark.If I push my way through 　新題預(yù)測(cè) 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) the hard soil above me, I may damage my delicate sprouts. What if I let my buds open and a snail (蝸牛) tries __5__(eat) them? And __6__ I were to open my blossoms, __7__ small child may pull me from the ground.No, it is much __8__ (good) for me to wait __9__it is safe.”And so she waited. A yard hen scratching around in the early spring ground for food found the waiting seed and immediately ate __10__. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) 【解析】?jī)深w種子的故事，告訴我們懼怕冒險(xiǎn)和成長(zhǎng)，最終要被生活吞沒(méi)。

　　1．beneath　介詞，意為“在……之下”與下文的above相對(duì)。

　　2．through　介詞，意為“穿過(guò)”。

　　3．a(chǎn)rrival　在冠詞后用名詞。

　　4．will come　對(duì)未來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)，句意為：我不知道在黑暗之中將會(huì)遇到什么。

　　5．to eat　因try表示“試圖做某事”，后接不定式。

　　6．if　if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句。

　　7．a(chǎn)　表示泛指的“某一個(gè)”小孩，故用不定冠詞a。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè)

　　8．better　隱性比較級(jí)，即“等”比“長(zhǎng)”好得多。句中much也提示我們要用比較級(jí)，因?yàn)閙uch常用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)，表示“……得多”。

　　9．until　意為“直到”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　10．it　it指代前文中的the waiting seed。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) (二) What would you do if you failed? Many people may choose to give up.__1__ , the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick __2__ your goal.On your way to success, you __3__ keep your direction.It is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and __4__ (help) you overcome obstacles on your way.__5__ , you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead. Direction means objectives.You can get nowhere __6__ an objective in life. 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve __7__.Only in this way __8__ you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time __9__(proper)．And you should also have a belief __10__ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) 【解析】本文告訴我們，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是堅(jiān)持你的方向和目標(biāo)。

　　1．However　與前句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空格前后都有標(biāo)點(diǎn)， 用副詞however。

　　2．to　stick to意為“堅(jiān)持”。

　　3．must　由語(yǔ)境不難揣摸出作者的語(yǔ)氣，句意為：在通往成功的路上，你必須堅(jiān)持你的方向。

　　4．helping　與guiding并列，一起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明a lamp，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。

　　5．Otherwise　由本句與前句的邏輯關(guān)系可知，要填表示“否則”的otherwise。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè)

　　6．without　句意：人生如果沒(méi)有目標(biāo)，你將一事無(wú)成。

　　7．it　it指代your objective。

　　8．will/can　句意：只有這樣，你才會(huì)知道……

　　9．properly　修飾動(dòng)詞spend作狀語(yǔ)用副詞。

　　10．that　引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺句子成分，且意義完整，故填that。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) (三) It happened that a dog had got a piece of meat and was carrying __1__ home in his mouth.Now, __2__ his way home he had to cross a plank lying __3__a running brook.__4__ he crossed, he looked __5__ and saw his own shadow __6__ (reflect) in the water beneath. Thinking it was __7__ dog with another piece of meat, he made up his mind to have that also.So he made a snap at __8__ shadow in the water, __9__ as he opened his mouth the piece of meat fell out, __10__(drop) into the water and was never seen more. Beware lest you lose the substance by grasping at the shadow. 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè) 【解析】這則狗和影子的故事，告誡我們：切莫因追逐幻影而丟失已有的東西。

　　1．it　指代a piece of meat，故用it。

　　2．on　表示“在某人回家的路上”用on one’s way home。

　　3．a(chǎn)cross　表示“橫過(guò)”河流或道路等細(xì)長(zhǎng)的東西或操場(chǎng)等一個(gè)平面的東西，用介詞across。

　　4．As/When　表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。

　　5．down　因“向下看”才能看到水中的影子，故用down。

　　6．reflected　因shadow與reflect是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。 專(zhuān)題二 │ 新題預(yù)測(cè)

　　7．a(chǎn)nother　指它以為是“另一條狗”。

　　8．the　特指水中的“那個(gè)”影子，故用定冠詞the。

　　9．but　前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

　　10．dropped　與opened, was seen是并列關(guān)系，三個(gè)先后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作應(yīng)當(dāng)用同一時(shí)態(tài)，故drop也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填dropped。