高中英語語法大全 賓語從句
高中英語語法 賓語從句
1. 定義:用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。
2. 構(gòu)成:關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡單句
3. 引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類:
(1) 從屬連詞that。如:
He told us that he felt ill. 他對我們說他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned. 我知道他已經(jīng)回來了。
注: that在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)也并不是任何情況下都可以省略。在以下情況下,that不能省略。
1. Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and連接兩個(gè)賓語從句,that賓語從句放在and的后面時(shí),that不能省略。)
大家都會看出所發(fā)生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作介詞賓語時(shí),that不能省略。)
對他我一無所知,只知道他是南方人。
3.That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. (that從句位于句首時(shí),that不可省略。)
我簡直不相信他曾說過這樣的話。
4. We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句謂語動詞與that從句之間有插入語,that不可省略。)
鑒于他的特殊情況,我們決定應(yīng)允他一段試用期。
(2)從屬連詞if/whether。如:
I doubt whether he will succeed. 我懷疑他是否會成功。
I dont know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否幫助我。
(3)連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
連接副詞 where, when, how, why。
如:
Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
他是什么人?他是干什么的?馬丁根本不知道。
I wonder what hes writing to me about. 我不知道他要給我寫信說什么事。
Ill tell you why I asked you to come. 我會告訴你我為什么要你來。
You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。
(1) 介詞賓語從句
賓語從句也可用作介詞的賓語。如:
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
他對那天發(fā)生的事感到很不快。
I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要說什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.
你是否成功將主要取決于你做什么和怎樣做。
有時(shí)介詞可以省略。如:
I dont care (for) who marries him. 我不管誰跟他結(jié)婚。
Be careful (as to) how you do that. 你要注意做這件事的方式。
解釋:
1.如果賓語從句后還有賓語補(bǔ)足語,則用it作形式賓語,而將賓語從句后置。如:
We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
我們認(rèn)為小王昨天沒來是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他已表明他不會屈服。
2.作介詞的賓語:連詞that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句很少作介詞的賓語,只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介詞的賓語從句如果由連詞that引導(dǎo),則需用it先行一步,作形式賓語。如:
He is a good student except that he is careless.
他是一個(gè)好學(xué)生,只是有點(diǎn)粗心。
You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我會幫助你的。
介詞賓語不可以用which來引導(dǎo),而要用what來引導(dǎo)。如:
Are you sorry for what youve done?
你為你所做的一切感到內(nèi)疚嗎?
3.某些形容詞或過去分詞后常接賓語從句,這類形容詞或過去分詞有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等,連詞that可省略。如:
I am not sure what I ought to do.
我不能確定我該做什么。
Im afraid you dont understand what I said.
恐怕你沒領(lǐng)會我說的意思。
Im surprised that I didnt see all that before.
我好奇怪,我以前沒看到過。
Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.
媽媽為她的女兒通過了考試而感到高興。
4.連詞whether (or not)或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句
if和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以互換使用,但whether常和or not連用,if一般不與or not連用。如:
I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。
用if引導(dǎo)賓語從句如果會引起歧義,應(yīng)避免使用if而用wheter。試比較:
Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
if從句可理解為賓語從句,意為請告訴我你是否想去;此句又可理解為條件狀語從句意為如果你想去的話,請告訴我一聲。
5.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等動詞后的賓語從句,有時(shí)謂語盡管是否定意思,卻不用否定形式,而將think等動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健H纾?/p>
I dont think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你錯(cuò)了。
I dont believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他們還未完成他們的工作。
I dont suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意,是嗎?
6. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)變化規(guī)律:
(1) 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),從句可根據(jù)需要用任何時(shí)態(tài)。
(2) 當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),從句只能使用過去范圍內(nèi)的任何時(shí)態(tài)。但客觀真理除外。如:
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老師說地球繞著太陽運(yùn)行。 高中英語語法 賓語從句
1. 定義:用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。
2. 構(gòu)成:關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡單句
3. 引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類:
(1) 從屬連詞that。如:
He told us that he felt ill. 他對我們說他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned. 我知道他已經(jīng)回來了。
注: that在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)也并不是任何情況下都可以省略。在以下情況下,that不能省略。
1. Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and連接兩個(gè)賓語從句,that賓語從句放在and的后面時(shí),that不能省略。)
大家都會看出所發(fā)生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作介詞賓語時(shí),that不能省略。)
對他我一無所知,只知道他是南方人。
3.That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. (that從句位于句首時(shí),that不可省略。)
我簡直不相信他曾說過這樣的話。
4. We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句謂語動詞與that從句之間有插入語,that不可省略。)
鑒于他的特殊情況,我們決定應(yīng)允他一段試用期。
(2)從屬連詞if/whether。如:
I doubt whether he will succeed. 我懷疑他是否會成功。
I dont know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否幫助我。
(3)連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
連接副詞 where, when, how, why。
如:
Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
他是什么人?他是干什么的?馬丁根本不知道。
I wonder what hes writing to me about. 我不知道他要給我寫信說什么事。
Ill tell you why I asked you to come. 我會告訴你我為什么要你來。
You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。
高中英語語法 賓語從句
1. 定義:用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。
2. 構(gòu)成:關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡單句
3. 引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類:
(1) 從屬連詞that。如:
He told us that he felt ill. 他對我們說他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned. 我知道他已經(jīng)回來了。
注: that在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)也并不是任何情況下都可以省略。在以下情況下,that不能省略。
1. Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and連接兩個(gè)賓語從句,that賓語從句放在and的后面時(shí),that不能省略。)
大家都會看出所發(fā)生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作介詞賓語時(shí),that不能省略。)
對他我一無所知,只知道他是南方人。
3.That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. (that從句位于句首時(shí),that不可省略。)
我簡直不相信他曾說過這樣的話。
4. We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句謂語動詞與that從句之間有插入語,that不可省略。)
鑒于他的特殊情況,我們決定應(yīng)允他一段試用期。
(2)從屬連詞if/whether。如:
I doubt whether he will succeed. 我懷疑他是否會成功。
I dont know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否幫助我。
(3)連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
連接副詞 where, when, how, why。
如:
Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
他是什么人?他是干什么的?馬丁根本不知道。
I wonder what hes writing to me about. 我不知道他要給我寫信說什么事。
Ill tell you why I asked you to come. 我會告訴你我為什么要你來。
You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。
(1) 介詞賓語從句
賓語從句也可用作介詞的賓語。如:
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
他對那天發(fā)生的事感到很不快。
I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要說什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.
你是否成功將主要取決于你做什么和怎樣做。
有時(shí)介詞可以省略。如:
I dont care (for) who marries him. 我不管誰跟他結(jié)婚。
Be careful (as to) how you do that. 你要注意做這件事的方式。
解釋:
1.如果賓語從句后還有賓語補(bǔ)足語,則用it作形式賓語,而將賓語從句后置。如:
We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
我們認(rèn)為小王昨天沒來是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他已表明他不會屈服。
2.作介詞的賓語:連詞that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句很少作介詞的賓語,只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介詞的賓語從句如果由連詞that引導(dǎo),則需用it先行一步,作形式賓語。如:
He is a good student except that he is careless.
他是一個(gè)好學(xué)生,只是有點(diǎn)粗心。
You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我會幫助你的。
介詞賓語不可以用which來引導(dǎo),而要用what來引導(dǎo)。如:
Are you sorry for what youve done?
你為你所做的一切感到內(nèi)疚嗎?
3.某些形容詞或過去分詞后常接賓語從句,這類形容詞或過去分詞有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等,連詞that可省略。如:
I am not sure what I ought to do.
我不能確定我該做什么。
Im afraid you dont understand what I said.
恐怕你沒領(lǐng)會我說的意思。
Im surprised that I didnt see all that before.
我好奇怪,我以前沒看到過。
Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.
媽媽為她的女兒通過了考試而感到高興。
4.連詞whether (or not)或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句
if和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以互換使用,但whether常和or not連用,if一般不與or not連用。如:
I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。
用if引導(dǎo)賓語從句如果會引起歧義,應(yīng)避免使用if而用wheter。試比較:
Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
if從句可理解為賓語從句,意為請告訴我你是否想去;此句又可理解為條件狀語從句意為如果你想去的話,請告訴我一聲。
5.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等動詞后的賓語從句,有時(shí)謂語盡管是否定意思,卻不用否定形式,而將think等動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健H纾?/p>
I dont think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你錯(cuò)了。
I dont believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他們還未完成他們的工作。
I dont suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意,是嗎?
6. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)變化規(guī)律:
(1) 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),從句可根據(jù)需要用任何時(shí)態(tài)。
(2) 當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),從句只能使用過去范圍內(nèi)的任何時(shí)態(tài)。但客觀真理除外。如:
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老師說地球繞著太陽運(yùn)行。 高中英語語法 賓語從句
1. 定義:用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。
2. 構(gòu)成:關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡單句
3. 引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類:
(1) 從屬連詞that。如:
He told us that he felt ill. 他對我們說他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned. 我知道他已經(jīng)回來了。
注: that在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)也并不是任何情況下都可以省略。在以下情況下,that不能省略。
1. Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and連接兩個(gè)賓語從句,that賓語從句放在and的后面時(shí),that不能省略。)
大家都會看出所發(fā)生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作介詞賓語時(shí),that不能省略。)
對他我一無所知,只知道他是南方人。
3.That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. (that從句位于句首時(shí),that不可省略。)
我簡直不相信他曾說過這樣的話。
4. We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句謂語動詞與that從句之間有插入語,that不可省略。)
鑒于他的特殊情況,我們決定應(yīng)允他一段試用期。
(2)從屬連詞if/whether。如:
I doubt whether he will succeed. 我懷疑他是否會成功。
I dont know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否幫助我。
(3)連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
連接副詞 where, when, how, why。
如:
Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
他是什么人?他是干什么的?馬丁根本不知道。
I wonder what hes writing to me about. 我不知道他要給我寫信說什么事。
Ill tell you why I asked you to come. 我會告訴你我為什么要你來。
You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。