* * * * * 4．due to因?yàn)椋捎冢活A(yù)定；預(yù)期；應(yīng)歸于；應(yīng)支付 ①[教材P30原句]　I think I would be a good journalist due to my language skills. 我認(rèn)為由于我的語(yǔ)言技能我將會(huì)是一個(gè)好記者。 ②Perhaps, but maybe it's also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets.(摘自2011浙江高考·閱讀理解A) 可能這也是因?yàn)榻值郎先鄙倬臁?be due to do sth.　 預(yù)期，預(yù)定要做某事 be due to sb.

　　應(yīng)支付/應(yīng)歸于某人 be due for sth.

　　應(yīng)得到某物 ③The meeting

　　until three. 會(huì)議預(yù)定要到3點(diǎn)鐘才開(kāi)始。 ④We‘ll

　　a pay rise soon. 不久就該給我們加工資了。 [關(guān)鍵一點(diǎn)]　due to構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)表示原因時(shí)，通常在句中作狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，不放于句首，同義短語(yǔ)有owing to, thanks to, because of, as a result of, on account of等。 Isn’t due

　　to start due for 答案： ①You'd better take an umbrella with you in case of rain. ②You'd better take an umbrella with you in case it rains. Ⅰ.一句多譯 1．你最好帶上雨傘以防下雨。 ①________________________________________ ②________________________________________ 2．事故的發(fā)生是由于他的不慎駕駛。 ①_____________________________________________ ②______________________________________________ ③_____________________________________________ 答案： ①The accident was due to his careless driving. ②Owing to/Because of/On account of his careless driving, the accident happened. ③The accident resulted from his careless driving. Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．Without my glasses, I couldn't ________ whether that

　　figure on the blackboard was a three or an eight. A．make outB．make up C．make for

　　D．make off 解析：make out“勉強(qiáng)認(rèn)出，勉強(qiáng)分辨出”，符合句意。make up“編造；組成”；make for“走向，有利于”；make off“匆忙離開(kāi)”。 答案： A

　　2．Jenny worked hard before the final examination, and it

　　________. She got an A. A．showed off

　　B．paid off C．put off

　　D．took off 解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：珍妮期末考試前非 常用功，她的努力獲得了成功。她得了A。show off “炫耀”；pay off“取得成功，奏效”；put off“拖延”；take off“脫掉，起飛”。 答案： B 3．I haven't got a job at the moment, but I'm sure that

　　something will ________. A．turn in

　　B．turn over C．turn up

　　D．turn down 解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有工作，但我確信會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)找到的。turn up表示“(機(jī)會(huì)或情況)突然出現(xiàn)，不期而至”，符合句意。turn in“上交，交還”；turn over“翻轉(zhuǎn)，移交”；turn down“關(guān)小，拒絕”。 答案： C 4．Until recently, tourists from abroad were allowed to

　　tour the Big Ben in London, but ________ increasing security problems they have now been banned. A．in spite of

　　B．in return for C．in the name of

　　D．due to 解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：因?yàn)椴粩嘣龆嗟陌踩珕?wèn)題，外國(guó)游客不再被允許參觀英國(guó)的“大本鐘”，用due to表示“因?yàn)椋捎凇薄?答案： D 1．

　　she stopped asking questions, I got up and

　　went out of the room. 她一停止問(wèn)問(wèn)題，我就起身走出了房間。 the instant為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“一……就……”。 ①She began to cry the instant she read the letter. 她一讀信就開(kāi)始哭了。 The instant

　　“一……就”的表達(dá)方式還有： (1)the moment/minute/second ... (2)instantly/immediately/directly ...

　　(4)on/upon＋v.-ing/n.

　　②I sent you the news the moment (that) I heard it. 我一聽(tīng)到此消息，便通知你了。 ③He recognized her

　　he caught a glimpse of her. 他一看見(jiàn)她就認(rèn)出她了。 ④

　　had the game started

　　it began to rain heavily. 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)剛開(kāi)始，天就下起了大雨。 ⑤On/Upon arriving in London, I called my parents. 一到倫敦，我就給父母打了電話。 instantly No sooner than 2．

　　, it will be with music. 我無(wú)論干什么，都與音樂(lè)有關(guān)。 (1)whatever“無(wú)論什么，不管什么”，在句中引導(dǎo)讓步狀 語(yǔ)從句，可與no matter what進(jìn)行互換。另外，它還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，相當(dāng)于anything that。 ①Whatever I suggest, he always disagrees. 無(wú)論我提什么建議，他總是不同意。 Whatever I do ②I'll post that letter whatever Wilson says. ＝ I'll post that letter

　　Wilson says. 不管威爾遜講什么，我都要寄出那封信。 ③With so many years of experience, the festival has become a well-oiled machine, and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as comfortable as possible.(摘自2011福建高考·閱讀理解B) 經(jīng)過(guò)了那么多年，這個(gè)節(jié)日已成為了一臺(tái)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好的機(jī)器并且做一切事情讓與會(huì)者盡可能感到舒適。 no matter what (2)whenever, wherever, whoever, however等都可用作連詞， 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，通常意為“不管……，無(wú)論……”。 ④Whenever (it is) possible, he always tries to help.

　　不管什么時(shí)候，只要有可能，他總是設(shè)法幫忙。 (3)no matter when/where/how ...也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從 句，可與whenever/wherever/however ...等互換。 ⑤

　　/Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. 無(wú)論誰(shuí)違反法律，都應(yīng)該受到懲罰。 No matter who Ⅰ.一句多譯 1．我剛到公共汽車(chē)站，汽車(chē)就開(kāi)了。 ①_____________________________________________ ②______________________________________________ ③______________________________________________ ④______________________________________________ 答案： ①The instant I got to the bus stop, the bus started. ②As soon as I got to the bus stop, the bus started. ③Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started. ④No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started. Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 2．I am very grateful to my first teacher for his advice

　　that ________ difficulty you meet with, confidence is a must. A．what

　　B．whether C．whichever

　　D．whatever 解析：考查狀語(yǔ)從句。首先，advice后面接的是同位語(yǔ)從句，連接詞that只起連接作用，無(wú)含義。在該同位語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)部，whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。語(yǔ)境：無(wú)論你遇到什么樣的困難，自信是必不可少的。 答案： D 3．Actually girls can be ________ they want to be just like

　　boys, whether it is an astronaut, a general manager or a president. A．wherever

　　B．whoever C．whatever

　　D．however 解析：考查表語(yǔ)從句。語(yǔ)意：女孩可以和男孩一樣，想干什么都行，不管是宇航員、總經(jīng)理還是總統(tǒng)。whatever引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作表語(yǔ)。 答案： C 4．The headmaster has promised us that we shall get

　　informed ________ the results of the exam come out. A．in case

　　B．every time C．ever since

　　D．the minute 解析：考查連詞用法。句意：校長(zhǎng)向我們承諾，考試結(jié)果一出來(lái)就通知我們。此處the minute相當(dāng)于連詞，意思是“一……就……”。 答案： D 間接引語(yǔ) Ⅰ.把下列句子變成間接引語(yǔ) 1．I asked Tom, “How long have you been employed at this

　　job？”

　　. I asked Tom how long he had been employed at that job 2．The teacher said to me, “Is this the reason Tom

　　explained at the meeting for his carelessness？”

　　. The teacher asked me if that was the reason Tom had explained at the meeting for his carelessness 3．The doctor said to us, “Give blood if you can and many

　　lives will be saved.”

　　. The doctor told/asked us to give blood if we could and many lives would be saved 4．Tom said to Mary, “Don't leave your keys on the table.”

　　. 5．My friend said to me, “I saw Bob play the piano at

　　John's party last Friday.”

　　. Tom asked Mary not to leave her keys on the table My friend told me he had seen Bob play the piano at John's party the Friday before Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—He said, “What's the matter？” —He asked

　　. A．what the matter is

　　B．what the matter was C．what is the matter

　　D．what was the matter 解析： what's the matter是一個(gè)陳述句語(yǔ)序的句子，在變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變，只改變時(shí)態(tài)。 答案： D 2．After the examination，my teacher told me that

　　failure

　　the mother of success. A．wasB．is C．be

　　D．been 解析：表示“真理，事實(shí)”的直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 答案： B 3．—What did her brother say to her? —He

　　her

　　weight to stay fit. A．suggested; to lose

　　B．offered; to lose C．a(chǎn)dvised; to lose

　　D．a(chǎn)dvised; lose 解析：祈使句的間接引語(yǔ)可以用advise sb. to do sth.或suggest sb. doing sth.或offer to do sth.；故只有C項(xiàng)符合。 答案： C 4．Do you happen to know

　　？ A．where is her address B．in which place is her address C．what her address is D．the place her address is 解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格中填入部分為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句須用陳述句語(yǔ)氣；問(wèn)某人的地址應(yīng)該用what，故正確答案為C。 答案：C 5．The child asked his mother

　　go out to play

　　tennis. A．that he could

　　B．if he could C．if could he

　　D．that could he 解析：直接引語(yǔ)若為一般疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用if或whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)，且從句中用陳述句語(yǔ)序。 答案：B 6．On the phone, Jane told me she

　　away on

　　holiday for the next two days. A．had been

　　B．will be C．would have been

　　D．would be 解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)。句意：在電話里，Jane告訴我她在隨后的兩天要去度假。本空所在從句是直接引語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換，受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響，賓語(yǔ)從句用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 答案： D * * 6．hesitate vi.猶豫，躊躇 (1)hesitate about/over sth.　

　　(對(duì)某事)猶豫，遲疑不決 hesitate to do sth.

　　對(duì)做某事有顧慮 (2)hesitation n.

　　躊躇，猶豫 have no hesitation in doing ...

　　毫不猶豫地做…… without hesitation

　　毫不遲疑地 ①[教材P27原句]　She hesitated and then told me that the year before she had broken her wrist and that the previous month she had twisted her ankle. 她猶豫了一下，然后告訴我去年她摔斷了手腕，上個(gè)月她扭傷了腳踝。 ②I

　　taking his side until I knew the whole story. 我在完全了解事實(shí)真相后，才打消顧慮，支持他的立場(chǎng)。 hesitated about ③Don't hesitate to ask me if you have any questions. 如果你有問(wèn)題，盡管來(lái)問(wèn)我。 ④He jumped into the water to save the drowning girl

　　. 他毫不猶豫地跳下水去救這個(gè)溺水的女孩。 without hesitation 7．decrease v．減少，降低n.減少，減少的量 (1)decrease in ...　在……方面)降低/減少 decrease to ...

　　減少到…… decrease by ...

　　減少了…… (2)on the decrease

　　在減少 ①[教材P28原句]　Jobs in farming，coal mining and heavy industry are decreasing rapidly. 農(nóng)業(yè)、煤礦業(yè)和重工業(yè)的職位迅速減少。 ②The club's members

　　two hundred. 該俱樂(lè)部會(huì)員減少到了200人。 decreased to ③Average house prices decreased by 13% last year. 去年的平均房?jī)r(jià)下降了13%。 ④The population in some western countries is

　　. 一些西方國(guó)家的人口在下降。 on the de-crease 8．respond vi.回復(fù)，回答；響應(yīng)，作出反應(yīng) (1)respond to ...　對(duì)……回答，對(duì)……有反應(yīng) respond to sth. with sth./by doing sth.

　　用……對(duì)……作出反應(yīng) (2)response n.

　　回答，反應(yīng) in response to

　　作為對(duì)……的回應(yīng)，回答 give/make no response to ...　對(duì)……不予回答 ①[教材P28原句]　Many more people will work for small，dynamic companies which can respond quickly to changes in the market. 很多人將在那些充滿活力的小公司里工作，因?yàn)檫@些公司能夠?qū)κ袌?chǎng)的變化迅速地做出反應(yīng)。 ②He

　　my suggestion

　　a laugh/by laughing. 他對(duì)我的建議報(bào)以一笑。 responded to with ③The law was passed

　　public pressure. 在公眾壓力下該法規(guī)獲得通過(guò)。 ④He made no response to my suggestion. 他對(duì)我的建議未做出回應(yīng)。 in response to 答案： commitment; committed Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填詞 1．Mr. Li made a ________that he was ________ to

　　helping the poor. (commit) 2．________ by green hills and blue waters, the little

　　village has pleasant ________. So you can see many rare birds in the ________ areas.(surrounding) 答案： Surrounded; surroundings; surrounding 3．At first he ________ to do it, but shortly after he agreed

　　without a moment's ________.(hesitate) 答案： hesitated; hesitation 4．The Great Wall that came into ________ over 2,000

　　years ago still ________ today. (exist) 答案： existence; exists 5．At first, he made no ________ to their words.

　　However, he ________ to them by shouting at them to shut up finally.(respond) 答案： response; responded Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．We complained to the travel agency about the horrible

　　service during our trip, but no one has ________ by now. A．respondedB．deserved C．recovered

　　D．survived 解析：句意：我們向旅行社投訴旅行途中糟糕的服務(wù)，但是到現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有人對(duì)此作出回應(yīng)。respond“答復(fù)，響應(yīng)”；deserve“值得”；recover“康復(fù)，痊愈”；survive“存活下來(lái)，幸存”。 答案： A 2．When you keep your promises, no matter how much

　　effort it takes, you will be ________. A．calculated

　　B．confirmed C．rewarded

　　D．evaluated 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)你信守承諾時(shí)，不管你付出多大的努力，你都會(huì)得到回報(bào)。reward意思是“酬謝，獎(jiǎng)賞，報(bào)答”，符合題意。calculate“計(jì)算，預(yù)測(cè)”；confirm“確認(rèn)”；evaluate“評(píng)價(jià)”。 答案： C 3．You'd better ________ your friend about your problem. A．a(chǎn)dopt

　　B．consult C．digest

　　D．a(chǎn)dvise 解析：句意：關(guān)于你的問(wèn)題你最好去咨詢你的朋友。consult sb. about/over sth.“向某人請(qǐng)教/咨詢某事”；adopt“采用，收養(yǎng)”；digest“消化，吸收”；advise“建 議”。 答案：B

　　4．The number of the workers of the company has

　　decreased________500________1,200 because of the global financial crisis. A．to; to

　　B．by; by C．to; in

　　D．by; to 解析：句意：由于全球金融危機(jī)，這家公司的員工人數(shù)減少了500人，只剩1200人。decrease by“減少了”；decrease to“減少到”。 答案：D 5．Two and a half years later, he ________ suicide. A．conducted

　　B．sweated C．stooped

　　D．committed 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。conduct“進(jìn)行(調(diào)查/實(shí)驗(yàn))，指揮，引導(dǎo)”；sweat“流汗”；stoop“俯身，彎腰”；commit suicide“自殺”。句意：兩年半以后，他自殺了。D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案： D 6．He is a talkative man, but he didn't say a word in

　　today's discussion. I am not sure how to ________ his

　　silence.

　　A．treat

　　B．master

　　C．grasp

　　D．read 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他是一個(gè)健談的人，但是在今天的談?wù)撝兴麤](méi)說(shuō)一句話，我不知道怎樣解釋他的沉默。treat“醫(yī)治，對(duì)待”； master“精通，掌握”；grasp“抓住，領(lǐng)會(huì)”；read“解釋，解開(kāi)(謎團(tuán)等)”。D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案： D 7．—How much did the guy ________ you to fix your 3G

　　mobile phone? —I don't remember, but it was quite a lot. A．cost

　　B．spend C．charge